COMPOSITE FAMILY 



desired effects by transferring and massing the Helianthi native 

 to the region rather than by relying upon the petted darlings of 

 the garden. Darlings want to be coddled and that is not always 

 possible. 



The Jerusalem Artichoke, Helianthus tuberdsus, by no means 

 an artichoke and having not the remotest connection with Jeru- 

 salem, has been grown in the past as a food; the creeping roots 

 producing in autumn a number of irregular tubers which are edible 

 and have the flavor of artichokes. This plant was introduced into 

 England, in 1617, from the Farnese gardens at Rome under the 

 name Girasole Articocco, the Sunflower Artichoke. The Anglo- 

 Saxon genius for changing names is here exemplified, and Girasole 

 soon became Jerusalem and so it has remained. The plant is' a 

 trustworthy sunflower; it can be relied upon to do well with little 

 care; it will even increase, its tubers look out for that; sometimes 

 people regard it as a weed. The stem varies from five to twelve 

 feet high, branching above. The leaves, four to eight inches long, 

 are usually ovate, serrate, acuminate, rough. Flower-heads two 

 to three inches across; disk-florets yellow; rays twelve to twenty. 

 It blooms late. 



Helianthus orgyalis is an interesting species from the dry South- 

 western plains, eight to ten feet high, having unbranching stems 

 with very many hriear, drooping leaves, eight to ten inches long, 

 which give the plant an exceedingly unusual appearance. 



HELIOPSIS. OX-EYE 



Heleopsis la^vis. 



Hileopsis, Greek, like the sun. 



A beautiful native composite, resembling a wild sunflower, found 

 blooming in sunny thickets during July and August. New York, south 

 and west. 



Slem.~One to four feet high, smooth or slightly roughish, often 

 purplish. 



Leaves. — Opposite, petioled, ovate or lance-ovate; smooth or roughish, 

 triple ribbed at the base; coarsely serrate, acute or acuminate. 



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