270 A TEXT-BOOK OF BOTANY 
India, China, Japan, and the East Indies; but our own Gulf 
States are developing the industry rapidly. The Carolina 
rice is said to be the best in the market, and before the 
Civil War South Carolina was our great rice-producing 
State. In 1899, however, Louisiana produced more than 
twice as much rice as all the other Gulf States combined, 
South Carolina being second. Rice in the husk is called 
paddy; and this is the general name also for rice in India. 
(2) Sucar-Canes.—The ordinary sugar of commerce is 
cane-sugar, which is obtained mostly from sugar-cane; 
7 but in Europe it is ob- 
_ tained largely from beets. 
Sugar-cane is a tropical 
and subtropical grass, a 
native of the East In- 
dics, but is cultivated 
wherever there is a warm 
climate, a deep rich soil, 
and abundant moisture. 
The plant is about the 
height of corn, but has a 
much more slender stem, 
' and bears at the summit 
a very large and spread- 
ing flower cluster (Tig. 
267). Its cultivation is 
usually carried on in large 
plantations, our greatest 
sugar-producing State be- 
ing Louisiana. When the 
Moowe = —_ ..., anes (as the stems are 
Fic. 267.—Sugar-eunu.—After Wosswro. called) are mature, they 
are cut, stripped of their 
leaves, and crushed. Associated with the production of 
sugar as by-products are the various sirups or molasses. 
