HISTORY OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 21 



poses at the present day. There have been smaller maps also constructed, 

 most of which are inferior to Carrigain's for accuracy, as they certainly 

 are in the style of execution. 



Besides this, other map material exists. There are, first, the county 

 maps, prepared chiefly by Prof. H. F. Walling, at an expense of over 

 ;^20,ooo. These present the roads with great accuracy, and likewise the 

 names of the owners of every house at the time of the surveys. Being 

 on a large scale, and published mostly about i860, the boundaries and 

 names agree essentially with what they are at present, and the surveys 

 were quite accurate. Secondly, a considerable triangulation has been 

 effected by the United States Coast Survey over fully a third part of the 

 state. By means of their triangles a score or more points are definitely 

 fixed in respect to latitude and longitude, and that as correctly as is pos- 

 sible, through the unequalled accuracy of the Coast Survey engineers. 

 Thirdly, there exists a very careful delineation of the boundary between 

 New Hampshire and Canada, prepared in 1844, under the direction of the 

 governments of the United States of America and Great Britain, Colonel 

 Graham being the commissioner on the part of the United States. Lastly, 

 there are the reports of commissioners concerning the boundaries between 

 New Hampshire and Maine, between New Hampshire and Massachusetts, 

 and there are two local maps of the White Mountain region, all of which 

 are accessible. 



On further inquiry it was ascertained that in 1853 the legislature 

 appointed a commissioner to report upon the expediency of preparing a 

 new topographical map of the state. The report was presented the fol- 

 lowing year by Prof. John S. Woodman, of Hanover, who briefly recited 

 the errors in Carrigain's and other maps, and carefully estimated the 

 expense of preparing a new draft based upon the government work just 

 alluded to, and upon new surveys. He showed that such a map would 

 involve an expense of thirty or forty thousand dollars. No action was 

 taken upon this report by the legislature. 



It appeared to me that the chief part of the surveys requisite for the 

 proper delineation of a new map of the state had been made since 1854, 

 so that by a careful collation of the abundant material, coupled with some 

 additional triangulation and river surveys, a new map might be prepared, 

 sufficiently accurate for all practical purposes, which would require a very 



