112 BHAMNACE/E. pachystima. 



BHAMNCS. 



2 PACHYSTIMA Raf. Am. Month. Mag. 1818. 

 Low evergreen shrubs with opposite leaves, and small flowers 

 in 1-few-flowered axillary cymes. Calyx with a short obconical 

 tube and four rounded lobes. Petals 4. Stamens 4, inserted at 

 the edge of the broad disk which lines the calyx-tube. Ovary 

 free, 2-celled : style very short : capsule 2-valved, 1-2-seeded. 

 Seeds enclosed in a white, many-cleft membranous aril. 



P. Myrsinites Kaf. I.e. Densely branched to nearly simple, 1-3 feet 

 high: leaves smooth, ovate to oblong or lanceolate, cuneate at base, the 

 upper half serrate or serrulate, K-1 in'h long on very short peduncles: 

 flowers a line or two long: fruit 2 lines long, smooth. In the mountains, 

 from Brit. Columbia to California and the Rocky Mountains. 



Order XXII. KHAMNACE^ Dumort. Fl. Belg. 102. 



Trees or shrubs, the branches often thorny. Leaves simple 

 with minute stipules. Flowers small, sometimes by abortion dioe- 

 cious, monoecious or polygamous. Calyx 4-5-cleft;, valvate in the 

 bud. Petals distinct, cucuUate, (each wrapped around a stamen) 

 narrowed at base, inserted upon the throat of the calyx, some- 

 times wanting. Stamens as many as the lobes of the calyx and 

 alternate with them. Ovary 2-4, united carpels, 2-4-celled, free 

 from or usually cohering with the tube of the calyx or more or 

 less immersed in the fleshy perigynous disk : ovules solitary, erect. 

 Styles more or less connate : stigmas simple usually distinct. 

 Fruit free or commonly more or less cohering with the calyx, 

 fleshy and indehiscent or with the carpels dry and at length sep- 

 arable. Seeds erect, anatropous, with a large, straight embryo 

 in sparing fleshy albumen. 



1. Rliamnns. Calyx and disk free from the ovary: calyx-lobes erector 

 spreading : fruit berry-like. 



2. Ceanothns. Calyx and disk adnate to the base of the ovary : calyx- 

 lobes connivent. Fruit dry or nearly so. 



1 RHAMNUS L. Gen. n. 265 in part. 



Shrubs or small trees with alternate.petiole<l pinnately veined 

 leaves, small deciduous stipules and axillary cymose or racemose 

 flowers. Flowers perfect or polygamo-dicfccious. Calyx 4-5-cleft, 

 with erect or spreading lobes, the campanulate tube lined with 

 the disk and persistent. Petals 4 or 6 or more, inserted on the 

 margin ot the disk : claws short. Stamens 4 or .5 : filaments very 

 short. Ovary free, 2-4-celled : style short, 3-4-cleft. Fruit bac- 

 cate, containing 2-4 cartilaginous 1-seeded nutlets,.mostly inde- 

 hiscent. 



§ 1 Ehamnus Brongn. Ann. Sc. Nat. x, 360. Seeds and nut- 

 lets deeply sulcate or concave on the back, the raphe in the 

 hollow: flowers mostly dioecious, solitary or fascicled in the 



axils. ^ ■ " 



R. alnifolia L'Hcr. Sert. Angl. 5. Shrub 2-1 feet high : leaves decid- 

 uous, ovate-oblong, acute at each end or acuminate, 2 or 3 inches long, 

 crenately serrate, the slender 'petioles slightly puberulent : lobes of the 



