KHAMXus. EHAMNACE.Ii. 113 



CEASOTHUS. 



calyx and stamens 5; petals wanting : fruit black, 3-l6bed, 3 lines long, 

 equalling the pedicels. Eastern Washington to California, east to Canada 

 and New England. 



§ 2 Frangula Brongn. 1. c. Seeds arid nutlets convex on the 

 batk, the raphe lateral ; Howers mostly perfect, in pedunculate 

 cymes. 



K. Californtcus Esch. Mem. Acad. Petr. x, 281. A spreading shrub 

 4-18 feet high; young branches somewhat tomentose:, leaves ovate-oblong 

 to elliptical, 1-4 inches long, 6-18 lines . broad, acute or obtuse, mostly 

 rounded at base, denticulate or nearly entire, persistent: peduncles with 

 numerous mostly abortive flowers in subumbellate fascicks: c^lyx usually 

 5-cleft; petals very small, broadly ovate, emarginate; fruit very dark pur- 

 ple, 3-4 lines in diameter, S-S-lobed and •2-3-seeded; , pulp thin. From 

 Klamath lake, Oregon, to southern California. 



R. occldentalis Howell P. C. PI. Coll. 1887. Erect shrub 2-10 feet 

 high: smooth throughout or the young branches and petioles minutely 

 scabrous: leaves coriaceous', yellowish-green, elliptical, acute to obtuse or 

 retuse, obscurely repand-dentate, 1-2 inches long by 6-15 lines broad, per- 

 sistent: peduncles with numerous flowers in subumbellate fascicles: calyx 

 usually 5-cleft, the deltoid lobes with a raised callous down the centre: 

 petals small, orbicular, 2-iobed at the summit: fruit black when mature, 

 obscurely 8-lobed; pulp moderately thick. On gravelly, hillsides and plains, 

 along the eastern base of the Coast Mountains near Waldo, Josephine Co., 

 Oregon. 



B. Purshiana DC. Prodr. ii. 25. casoara. A tree 20— SO feet high: 

 young branches tomentose: leaves elliptical, 2-7 inches long by 1-3 inches 

 broad, mostly acute, obtuse or -cordate at base, , denticulate pubescent 

 beneath, thin, deciduous: flowers perfect, comparatively large,' in a some- 

 what umbellate cyme; sepals 5; petals 5, small, 2-16bed, embracing the 

 very short stamens: styles united to the summit: stigmas 3: fruit black, 

 turbinate, 3-seeded. Common from Brit. Columbia to California west of 

 the Cascade Mountains. 



CEANOTHUS L. Gen. n. 267. 



Shrubs or small -trees with petioled simple leaves and perfect 

 flowers in lateral and terminal dense thyrsoid panicles or corymbs. 

 Calyx 5-cleft, with acute connivent lobes, the upper part at length 

 separating by a transverse line the tttbe remaining,; disk thick, 

 adnate to the turbinate or hemispherical tube and to the ovary. 

 Petals 5, longer than the calyjc, saccate and arched, on long claws. 

 Stameiis 5, exserted ; filaments filiform ; ■ anthers, ovate. 2-celled. 

 Styles 3, more or less united below, diverging above. Fruit sub- 

 globose, 3-lobed, surrounded at base by the adnate calyx-tube, 

 soon dry, the 3 crustaceous nutlets at length separating and dehis- 

 cent by the inner suture. Seeds convex on the back. , 



§ 1 Ceanothus proper. Leaves all alternate, 3-ribbed from 

 the base or pinnately veined, glandular-toothed or entire. Fruit 

 not crested. 



"■ Leaves 3-ribbed from the base. 



■t- Krf-ct shrubs, the branches not rigidly divaricate nor spiny: leaves 



usually large, more or less serrate: inflorescence thyrsoid. 



++ In florescence on leafless lateral shoots from wood of tjie previous 



