306 COMPOSITE TOWNSENDIA 



SEBICOCAKPDS 



the ray sometimes triiingular. Piippus, a single series of long 

 awns 01- of coiirse and rigid bristles or in the ray reduced to 

 squamellffi or palea'. 



T. 1 arryl Eaton Am ^ at. viii, 312. f»tems erect, staut, naked and 

 pedunculiform a ove. 2-6 inches high, the taller forms sometimes branch- 

 ing: leaves mrstly spatiilate: bracts of. the very broad involucre lanceolate, 

 thiunish, with rather soft attenuate tips or the outer barely acuminate: 

 achenes narrowly obovate canesvently pubescent the hairs simple or many 

 of them 2-dentate at tip. I appus of ray-flowers plurisetose, like that of 

 the disk. Idaho to W yoming and Montana 



T. llorifer GrayProc. Am. Acad xvi, 84. t'inereous-hirsute: stems 

 rather slender, 4-10 inches long, leafy: leaves lineai'orthe lowest lanceo- ' 

 late-spatulate, acute, mostly apiculate-acuminate : heads rather large, pe- 

 dunculate : bracts of the involucre linear-lanceolate not prominently acum- 

 inate nearly equal : achenes oblong-obovate, pubescent: pappus of numer- 

 ous setose barbellulate bristles. On sandy banks anC arid plains of tha 

 Columbia. 



16 HER Ci)CARPU~Naes \st. 148. 



Perennial herbs with alternate commonly entire and sessile 

 leaves, and small ht'ads of white flowers usually fascicled- in a 

 terminal compact cyme, i eads 12-lo-flowered, the rays about 

 5, distant. Bi'acts of the obovate-oblong or turbinate-cylindi'i- 

 cal involucre closely imbricated in several series, nerveless or 

 obscurely l-nerved, the lower portion cartilaginous, appressed, 

 the apex herbaceous, often spreading. Keceptinde small, alveo- 

 late, the alv ola toothed or lacerate-ciliate. Apendages of the 

 style lanceolate-subidate, minutely hispid, longer than the stig- 

 matic portion. Achenes obpyi'amidal, short, densely silky. 

 Pappus simple, composed of rather numerous and rigid unequal 

 scabrous bristles, some of them thickened upward. 



S rigidus l.indl. Hook. Kl. ii, 14. Minutely scabrous : stems slender, 

 1-3 feet high, mostly simple, leafy: leaves rigid, oblong spatulate obtuse, 

 often mucronate, entire, somewhat 3-nerved, the margins ciliate-scahrous 

 lii-J2 lines long: heads about 15-flowered, clustered in small compact cory. 

 mbs: bracts of the turbinate involucre narrowly oblong or linear, l-nerved, 

 the inner ones about equalling the disk, somewhat =carious; the outer 

 shorter and with somewhat squarrose greenish tips: rays but little if at all 

 exserted achenes when mature about half as long as the white pappus, 

 slender, not very densely silky. - On try ridges Oregon and Washington to 

 the t-ierra Nevadasin California. 



S. OregOneusis Nutt. Trans. \m. Ihil, Soc. vii, o02 Kearly glab- 

 rous: stems rather stout, 2-:-l feet high, corymbosely branched above: 

 leaves broadly lanceolate, acutish entire l-nerved, sVabroua 1-2 inches 

 long by 6 lines broad, thickish, narrowed below: heads about l.=i-flowered, 

 clustered in small compact corymbs: bracts of the turbinate involucre ob- 

 long-linear 1-nerved : rays conspicuously exserted : achenes slender, fully 

 half as lung as the white pappus, slender, not very densely silky. On dry 

 or gravelly plains western Oregon and Washingron. 



