HELIANTHUS COMPOSITE 343 



COREOPSIS 



In moist meadows, southern Oregon and northern California. 



§ 2 Perennials. Receptacle convex to low-conical. Lower 

 leaves almost always opposite. Disk-flowers yellow with dark 

 anthers. 



H. Nuttallii T.& G. Fl. ii, 324. Stems slender, 1-4 feet high, common- 

 ly simple : leaves lanceolate or the upper linear, broader toward the base 

 and tapering to an acute or acuminate apex, serrulate or entire, 3-6 inches 

 long by 3-9 lines broad, short-petioled or sabsessile, scabrous both sides, 

 in small plants not rarely all opposite : heads half-inch high or more : 

 bracts of the involucre naked, or somewhat hirsute at base, lanceolate-sub- 

 ulate, attenuate, fully equalling the- disk, herbaceous, loose or soon squarr- 

 ose-spreading: rays about an inch long : palese of the pappus long and nar- 

 row. In damp places, eastern Oregon to Brit, Columbia and the Rocky 

 Mountains. 



H. Cnsickii Gray Proc. Am. Acad, xxi, 413. Stems numerous from a 

 thick perpendicular resiniferous root, forming clumps, at length resting on 

 the ground in an entangled mass, about a foot long: leaves mostly altern- 

 ate, linear-lanceolate, entire, obtusish, attenuate at base but sessile: invo- 

 lucre about half-inch high, its linear-lanceolate bracts hairy-ciliate. acu- 

 minate, lax: rays 1-1 J^ inches long: achenes glabrous: palese of the pap- 

 pus oblong-lanceolate. On dry hills and sage-brush plains, eastern Oregon 

 and Washington. 



H. TtJBEEOSA L. Sp. ii, 906. (Jerusalem artichoke). Stems usually 

 pubescent or hirsute, 5-10 feet high, branching at the top : leaves mostly 

 alternate on the branches and on the upper part of the stem, ovate or sub- 

 cordate sometimes oblong, acuminate, thick-membranaceoua, dull green, 

 minutely pubescent and occasionally cinereous beneath, soon scabrous 

 above : bracts of the involucre lanceolate, attenuate-acuminate, hirsute, at 

 least the margins toward the base : rays 12-20, often 1}^ inches long : chaff 

 of the receptacle hirsute-pubescent on the back : achenes more or less pu- 

 bescent : horizontal rootstocks enlarging at the apex into tubers which are 

 sweet and edible. Escaped from cultivation and becoming common along 

 Rail Roads. 



Subtribe iv, Bidentidese Less. Syn. £29. Achenes obcompressed or 

 sometimes terete and the subtending chaffy bracts flat or barely con- 

 cave. Ray -flowers ligulate, neutral or wanting; disk-flowers herma- 

 phrodite and fertile. Style-tips of the disk-flowers produced into a 

 cusp or cone or sometimes truncate. 



44 COREOPSIS L. Gen. n. 981. 



Annual biennial or perennial herbs with mostly opposite leaves 

 and long-peduncled heads of yellow, pink or brown ray-flowers. 

 Involucre usually hemispheric, its bracts in 2 distinct series, all 

 united at base, those of the outer series commonly narrower aud 

 shorter than the inner, Receptacle flat or slightly convex, chaffy, 

 the chaff' flat or concave. Ray-flowers neutral ; those of the disk 

 perfect, fertile, their corollas with slender tube and broader 5- 

 toothed limb. Anthers mostly entire at base. Style-tips trun- 

 cate or subulate. Achenes flat, orbicular to oblong, winged or 

 wiugless. 



C. Atklnsoniana Dougl. Liiidl. Bot. Reg. t. 1379. Glabrous throughout: 

 blininae: stems stoutish, 1-4 feet high, with numerous opposite branches 



