TETRADYMIA COMPOSlTAE 371 



RAILLARDELLA 



elongated tube and lanceolate or linear spreading lobes longer 

 than the short campanulate throat. Anthers wholly exserted, 

 acutely and even caudately sagittate at base ; the tips triangular- 

 lanceolate. Style-branches flattish, the truncate and minutely 

 penicillate tips terminated by a very short and low obtuse cone. 

 Achenes terete, short, obscurely 5-nerved. Pappus of fine and 

 soft minutely scabrous capillary white or whitish long bristles. 



§ 1 EuTETRADYMiA T. & G. Fl. ii, 447. Involucre 4-flowered, 

 of 4-5 bracts. Pappus extremely copious. Achenes either very 

 villous, glabrate or glabrous, varying even in the same species. 



T. canescens DC. Prodr. vi, 540. A hoary shrub 1-3 feet high, jjerm- 

 ancntly canescent with a dense and close tomentutti, unarmed, fastigiately 

 branched : leaves from narrowly linear to spatulate-lanceolate, an inch 

 or less long: heads 6-9 lines high, most of them short-pedunculate. Dry 

 hills and plains, Brit. Columbia to California and New Mex. east of the 

 Cascade Mountains. 



T. glabrata Gray Pacif. R. Rep. ii, 122, t. 5. Shrub 1-4 feet high 

 wth slender spreading branches ; whitened with loose at length deciduous 

 toraentum : leaves at length naked and green, primary ones slender-subu- 

 late, cuspidate, on young shoots appressed, 6 lines long; those of the fasci- 

 cles in their axils spatulate-linear, fleshy, pointless : heads mostly short- 

 pedunculate ■ involucre often glabrate : achenes, so far as known, very 

 villous. Sc.itheastern Oregon to Eastern California and Utah. 



T. Nuttallii T. & G. Fl. ii, 447. Shrub 2-3 feet high, much branched, 

 woolly when young, canescent : primary leaves mostly converted into sub- 

 ulate S";nes ; the others densely fascicled in their axils thickish. linear- 

 spatuk te, obtuse, half inch long, about equalling the spines : heads fasci- 

 cled ;.nd in corymbose clusters on very short peduncles. Southern Idaho 

 and Utah. 



§ 2 Lagothamnus T. & G. 1. c. 448. Involucre 5-9-flowered, 

 of 5 or 6 broader bracts. Proper pappus reduced nearly or quite 

 to a single series of bristles, which are covered by a false pappus 

 of extremely long very soft and white woolly hairs which densely 

 clothe the achenes. 



T. spinosa H. & A. Bbt. Beech. 360. Shrub 2-4 feet high ; a,t least the 

 branches densely white-tomentose ; branches divaricate, rigid, bearing 

 rigid straight or recurved spines in place of jirimary leaves; secondary 

 , leaves fascicled in their axils, small, fleshy, linear-clavate, glabrous or 

 glabrate : heads scattered, pedunculate, fully 6 lines high : pappus of com- 

 paratively rigid capillary bristles surpassing the wool of the achene. Dry 

 plains, eastern Oregon and Idaho to Utah California and Arizona. 



■*- -^ ->- Involucre of several connivent-erect herbaceous equal 



bracts, many-flozvered. Ours herbs ivith the flowers all fertile. 



84 RAILLARDELLA Gray Proc. Am. Acad, vi, 550. 



Acaulescent herbs with stout creeping rootstocks, bearing tufts 

 of entire radical leaves and a simple naked scape terminated by 

 a single large head of yellow flowers. Head several- to many- 

 flowered, homogamous ; the flowers all fertile. Involucre naked 

 at base; of 6-14 linear equal bracts in a single series, lightly 



