VAGNBRA rONVALLARIACE^ 667 



CNIFOtlOM 



beneath, the margins minutely oiliate: panicle densely many- flowered, 1-4 

 inches long, pednncled: pedicels about a line long: segments of the perianth 

 oblong, a^out a line long: style about half as long as the ovaiy: beiTies red 

 speckled ■with purple, 2-3 lines in diameter. In moist woods, Oregon to 

 Brit. Columbia and across the continent. 



* • Flowers larger, in a simple few-flowered raceme: stamens shorter 

 than the segments. 



V. sessilifolla Greene. Smilacina sessilifoUa Nutt. Stems slender, 

 usually flexuous above, 10-18 inches high, fi'om slender creeping rootstocks: 

 leaves lanceolate, 2-6 inches long, acute or acuminate, sessile and clasping, 

 usually flat and spreading, more or less pubescent, racemes 3-9-flowered, 

 sessile or shortly pedunoled, the solitary pedicels 3-7 lines long: segments of 

 the piprianth lanceolate, 3-4 lines long, twice as lon^ as the stamens: filaments 

 subidate: siyle about a line long, as long as the ovary: berries usually black 

 when mature, globose, 8-5 lines in diameter, 1-3-seeded: seeds brown sub- 

 ovoid IK lines in diameter. In damp forests, Brit. Columbia to Califoraia. 



V. stellata Morong 1. c. Smilacina stellata Desf. Stems rather stout, 

 erect, glabrous, 8-30 inches high, from a stout fleshy rootstock: leaves lan- 

 ceolate to oblong-lanceolate, sessile and somewhat clasping minutely pubes- 

 cent beneath 2-5 inches long, 6-18 lines wide, obtuse to acute or acuminate: 

 raceme sessile or shortpeduncled, 6-20-flowered: pedicels 1-4 lines long, 

 usually shorter than the. flowers: segments of the periantli oblong, obtuse, 

 4-5 lines long, K longer than the stamens: style about 2 lines long, as long 

 as the ovary: berries green with 6 black stripes or black, 3-5 lines in diameter. 

 Along streams in the interior, Brit. Columbia to California and the Eastern 

 States. 



2 UNIFOLIUM Adans. Fam. PI ii, 54. (1763) 



MAIANTHMUM Wiggs. Prim. Fl. Hols. U. {1780.) 



Low herbs with slender rootstocks, erect simple few-leaved 

 stems, alternate petioled leaves and small white flowers in termin- 

 al minutely bracted racemes. Perianth of 4 distinct segments. 

 Stamens 4, inserted at the base of the segments, with filiform 

 filaments and short introrse anthers. Ovary sessile, 2-celled, 

 rarely 3-celled, with a pair of ovules in each cell. Style 2-lobed 

 or 2-cleft. Berries globose, 1-4-seeded. 



U. dilatatum. Maianlhemum hiflorum var. dilatatum Wood. Glabrous : 

 stem 3-13 inches high, erect: leaf of the sterile shoots round-cordate, 2-4 

 inches in diameter, acute or shortly acuminate, on a slender petiole 3-8 mches 

 long; cauline leaves usually 2, cordate to sagittate, with large rounded 

 auriclei , 2-4 inches long, on slender petioles : often with a subulate bract on 

 the peduncle: raceme 1-3 inches long, many-flowered: pedicels spreading, 1-2 

 lines long, often 2-4 together: segments of the perianth oblong, obtuse, about 

 a line long, at length reflexed: stamens shorter than the segments: style 

 stout, about a half line long: berries red, globose, about 3 lines in diameter, 

 1-4-seeded: seeds ovate, brown, IJ^ lines long. In wet places along moun- 

 tain streams. California to Alaska, 



3 STEEPTOPUS Michx. Fl. i, 200. (1803.) 



Branching herbs with stout or slender rootstocks. thin sessile 

 alternate leaves and rather small flowers on slender solitary sim- 

 ple or forked extra-axillary peduncles. Perianth narrowly cam- 



