684 JUNCACE/fi .I0HCD8 



ed, 7-30 inches high, erect : ah«athB of the leaves with well developed 

 ligules, the blades about >^ the length of the stem, flat,- usually involute: 

 apathe much lohger than the infloreBcence, usually involute : panicle con- 

 gested into a turbinate cluster, an inch long : perianth-segments ovate- 

 lanceolate, acuie, brown with green midrib: stamens 6, the anthers shorter 

 than the fllamehts : capsule oblong, equalling the perianth, retuae, com- 



Sletely 3-celled : seeds light brown. Tn meadows, eastern Washington to 

 [ontana and Colorado. 



-» -» Stems more or less leafy ; the leaves fiat and graes-like, not 

 equitant: flowers clustered. 



J. falcatng E. Meyer Reliq. Hsenk. 144. Bright green : stems slender, 

 6-18 inches high, from slender stoloniferous rootstocks : leaves usually 

 equalling or exceeding the stem, 1-2 lines wide, the open somewhat oblique 

 sheaths withoilt ligules : spathu short : heads usually 1-5, 1-10-flowered : 

 perianth-segments brown with bright green midrib, 2-3 lines long, ovate, 

 the outer shortly acuminate, the inner obtuse : anfthers much shorter than 

 the filaments: capsule ovate, obtuse, apiculate, 4^ long or longer than the 

 perianth, almost black, 3-celled: seeds oblong-oVate, obtuae, K l™e long, 

 with loose pale testa, longitudinally reticulated. In springy places along 

 mountain streams, California to Alaska. 



J. longigtylls Torr. Bot. Mez. Bound. Surv. 223. Stems rather stout, 

 1-2 feet high, from stout stoloniferous rootstocks : leaves 6-12 inches long, 

 the aheatbs with distinct ligules ; spathe narrow, 2-4 inches long : heads 

 5-20, in a sparingly branched panicle, few- to several-flowered : perianth- 

 segments pale brown with green midrib and hyaline margins, about 3 lines 

 long, lanceolate, acute or the outer ones acuminate : anthers much longer 

 than the filaments: style about a line long: capsule brown, oblong, about 

 half as long as the perianth, angled above, obtuse or depressed at the sum- 

 mit, 3-celled : seeds light brown, ^ line long. lu wet places. Washington 

 to California. 



• • * Leafy-atemmed perennials : leaves terete or laterally flattened, 

 more or less distinctly knotted by internal partitions : flowers capitate. 



-^ Leaves terete or only alightlv compressed. 



J. Richardsonianns Schult. in B. & S. Syat. vi, 201. ^tems erect, 

 6-20 inches high, in loose tufts from creepinjg rootstocka, 1-2-leaved below 

 the middle : panicle 3-8 inches high, its branches strict or slightly spread- 

 ing: heads 3-12-flowered : perianth-segments unequal, the outer ones pale, 

 obtuae, mucronate or acute ; the inner onea ahorter, obtuae, stamens 6; 

 the anthers much shorter than the) fllamei^ts : capsule ovoid-oblong, slight- 

 ly exceeding the perianth, acute ^r obtueb, with a short tip : seeds about 

 )^ line long, narrowly obovoid tti'^^blong. apipulate, acute or acuminate at 

 base. Idaho to Brit. Columbia'iii;id acroaa t)>e Continent. 



J. dubious Engelm. 1. c. ^,( Stema gather stout, 2-4 feet high, from, 

 stout horizontal rootstocks, several-leaved ; leaves narrow, often equalling 

 or exceeding the stem, the sheaths with^jacarious margins: panicle com- 

 pound, diffuse, 3-12 inches long: heads numerous, 6-20-flowered : perianth- 

 segments broWn or brownish, about 2 lines long, lanceolate, acuminate: 

 stamens 6, the anthers elongated, longer than the fllaments : capsule nar- 

 row, acuminate, shorter than the perianth : seeds ovate, rather abruptly 

 acuminate at each end, brownish. In marshes, Oregon to California. 



3i nodosns L. Sp. 466. Stems slender, 6 inches to 2 feet hi)>h, arising 

 singly from tuber -like thickenings of a slender rootstock: leaves narrow, 

 the upper on6 often exceeding the inflorescence : panicle 1-3 inches long, 

 bearing 1-30 spherical 8-20-flowered heads : perianth-segments usually 

 reddiah-brown above, lanceolate, acuminate, \)4-^% line long, the inner 



