696 CYPERACEjE oarex 



beak. In marshes, CaliforDia to Alaska and across the continent. 



C. monile Tuckerman Enum. Meth. 20. Stems slender, erect or re- 

 clining, 1-3 feet high: leaves elongated, rather light green, 1-4 lines wide, 

 sometimes exceeding the stem : bracts similar, often longer than the in- 

 florescence : staminate spikes 1-4, slender-peduncled : pistillate spikes 1-3, 

 cylindrical, 1-3 inches long, about 4 lines in diameter, rather loose at ma- 

 turity, the upper sessile, the lower one when 3, slender-peduncled and 

 usually remote : perigynium yellowish- green, ovoid, inflated, about 2%. 

 lines long, tapering into a sharp 2-toothed beak, longer than the lanceolate 

 acuminate scale. In marshes and wet meadows, California to Alaska and 

 across the continent. 



C. exsiccata Bailey Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, i, 6. Stems stout, erect, 

 1-3 feet high : leaves pale green, 4-6 lines wide, the upper ones surpassing 

 the stem : staminate spikes 1 or 2, slender : pistillate spikes 1-3, cylindric, 

 1-3 inches long, nearly sessile or the lowest one slender-peduncled: scales 

 very narrow, muticose: perigynia lance-ovate, scarcely inflated, strongly 

 nerved, 3-4 times longer than the scale. In swales, Oregon and Washington. 



Tar. srlobosa Bailey 1. c. More slender, with narrower leaves: 

 spikes small, an inch or less long, more or less scattered, closely sessile, 

 rusty in color: scales hyaline and very small : perigynia narrower, con- 

 spicuously spreading. lu ponds on the high mountains, Oregon to Brit. 

 Coluniibia. 



C. retrorsa Schwein. Ann. Lye. N. Y. i, 71. Glabrous: stemsstout, 

 erect, 1-3 feet high : leaves elongated thin, rough-margined, 2-41ines wide, 

 the upper usually exceeding the stem ; the bracts similar : staminate spikes 

 1-3, short-peduncled : pistillate spikes 3^6, all close together at the top and 

 sessile or nearly so, or the lowest distant and peduncled, densely-flowered, 

 1-2 inches long, 6 lines in diameter: perigynia ovoid, membranous, yellow- 

 ish-gre(en, about three lines long, tapering into a subulate 2-toothea beak, 

 ^3 longer than the smooth lanceolate acute scale, reflexed at maturity. ^In 

 bogs ai|d wet meadows, Oregon and the Atlantic States. 



_C. comosa Boott Trans. Linn. Soc. xx, 117. Stems stout, 2-3 feet 

 high : leaves ample, rough on the margins, 5-6 lines wide : staminate spikes 

 erect, short-peduncled, sometimes pistillate at the top: pistillate spikes 

 &-6, aU on slender peduncles, or the uppermost nearly sessile all nodding 

 or spreading, about 2 inches long, 5-7 lines in diameter : scales narrow, 

 very rough, oblong or lanceolate, short acuminate, about 2 lines long: 

 perigynia with oblong little inflated base and long slender 2-toothed beak, 

 twice _ as long as the scale ; the long slender teeth spreading. In bogs, 

 Washington to California and the Atlantic States. 



Tribje II TKACHYCHLiENiE Drejer Symb. Car. 9. Staminate 

 spikes one or more. Pistillate spikes compactly flowered, mostly 

 large, erect or nearly so. Stamens 3. Perigynia mostly thick, 

 and hard in texture, commonly sbabrous or hirsute, straight- 

 beaked. 



§ 1 AisiOMAL^ Carey Gray's Man. 557. Terminal spikes all 

 staminate: pistillate spikes long and cylindrical, mostly densely 

 flowered. Perigynia broad and short, short-beaked, the apex 

 very slightly toothed or entire, mostly granulate. 



C. amplifolia Boott, Hook. Fl. ii, 228, t. 226. Stems stout, 2-3 fee* 

 high, very sharply angled, rough above: leaves many, 5-8 lines wide, 

 rough on the margins, usually exceeding the stem : bracts leaf-like, with- 

 out sheaths : pistillate spikes 4-6, erect, the upper one sessile, the lowe' 



