ABIES PINACE^ 787 



1-2 inches long, deciduous: cones oblong, lX-2 inches long, promptly 

 deciduous. In the Cascade Mountains of Washington. 



7 ABIES Juss. Gen. 414. (1789.) 



Evergreen trees with linear flat scattered leaves and monoeci- 

 ous flowers. Leaves sessile, often spreading so as to appear 2- 

 ranked, but in reality spirally arranged, not jointed to a persistent 

 base but leaving circular flat scars on the naked twigs. Stamin- 

 aie aments from the axils of the previous years leaves. Anthers 

 2-celled, the cells transversely dehiscent ; the connective prolonged 

 into a short knob or point. Pollen grains compound. Fertile 

 aments lateral, erect. Ovules 2 to each scale. Cones erect, cylin- 

 dric to ovoid, their broad obtuse scales deciduous from the persis- 

 tent central axis. 



A. grandis Lindl. Penny Oyc. 130. A tall straight tree 100-300 feet 

 high and 3-6 feet in diameter, with smooth brownish blotched with white 

 bark and spreading branches: leaves flat, dark glossy green and channel- 

 led above, glossy with two pale or white stripes beneatii, 1-2 inches long: 

 cones cylindric', retuse, 3-6 inches long, 1-1}^ inch thick, with scales 

 nearly twice as broad as long: the quite short obcordate or 3-lobed bracts 

 with or without a short point: wing of the seed very oblique, 2-4 lines 

 long. Common in moist pla,oe8 in forests, Brit. Columbia to California 

 and Idaho. 



A. Lotviana Murr. Syn. Var. Conif. 27. A tall graceful tree 100-200 

 feet high and 3-3 feet in diameter, with, when mature, dark-colored fis- 

 sured bark and spreading branches: leaves 2-ranked, 1-2 inches long, 

 green above, green with two white stripes beneath: cones cylindric, 2-4 

 inches long, with scales nearly twice as broad as long; bracts not eiserted: 

 wing of the- seed oblique. In the Siskiyou Mountains and southward. 



A. concolor Lindl. Journ. Hort. Soc. v, 210. A large tree 100-200 

 feet high and 3-4 feet in diameter, with rough grayish bark and spreading 

 branches: leaves mostly obtuse, pale green, those of younger trees and 

 lower branches elongated, 2-8 inches long, 2-ranked, often slightly chan- 

 nelled, those of old trees and of upper branches shorter broader and thicker, 

 convex above and often falcate, covering the upper side of the branchlets: 

 cones oblong-cylindric, 3-5 inches long 1M-Tl% inch in diameter, pale 

 green to dull purplish: scales 12-15 lines wide, neai-ly twice as wide as 

 long: bracts truncate, not exserted: wing of the seed oblique, as long as 

 wide. In the mountains at 3000-4000 feet elevation, southern Oregon to 

 California. 



A. lasiocarpa Nutt. Sylva, iii, 138, A small tree 50-75 feet high and 

 7-13 inches in diameter, with smooth whitish bark and drooping branches; 

 leaves of the main branches 1-3 j^ inches long, erect, acute and pungently 

 pointedj those of the branchlets more or less spreading or curved upward, 

 rigid and more or less pungent: cones cylindric, usually purple, 3-3 inch- 

 es long, ^-1 inch thick: scales broader than long: bracts not exserted. 

 On the highest peaks of the Cascade Moautains. 



A. amabllis Forbes Pinetum Wob. 125, t. 44. A slender tree_100-150 

 feet high and 1-3 feet in diameter, with smooth whitish bark and spreading 

 branches: leaves rigid, acute Or obtuse, 1-3 inches long, on the lower 

 branches and on young trees 3-ranked, on the upper parts of mature trees 

 shorter and curved upward : cones dark purple, 3-4 inches long, 3-3 inches 



