Scale'winged Insects 



715 



caterpillar is reddish, and feeds on primroses. It is not ' 

 a very abundant species in England. 



The third family is represented in Britain by three 

 very distinct sections of rather small butterflies, the 

 largest of which scarcely measures more than an inch and 

 a half across the wings. These are the Hair-streaks 

 (brown, with light lines on the under surface of the 

 wings, and a short tail on the hind wings, except in 

 the Green Hair-streak, so named from the green under 

 surface of the wings) ; the small Blue Butterflies, which 

 generally have brown females ; and the Coppers, the only common 

 species of which measures about an inch across the wiiio-s. The 

 fore wings are bright coppery red, with dark brown spots and border 



and the hind wings are dark brown, 

 with a coppery red border, spotted 

 outside with black. The small 

 copper butterfly and some 

 of the blues are 

 common in meadows 

 and gardens. 



Many of the members of 



the fourth family are of a 



white or yellow colour, 



among which are 



the destructive 



White 



I'hi.lohii II'. Snvilli-Ktftt. 

 F.Z.H., inilhrd-o.i'.Sra. 



XE\V OUI.NEA 



ROLDEN BUTTERFLY. 



A remarkable and 



recently d i .s c o v e r e d 



H wallow-tailed butterfly. 



C A B- 



bage-butter- 



flies, three 



species of which are 



very common in England, 



where they may be seen 



every garden throughout 



summer. The photograph on page 716 



represents one of these at rest. A prettier 



species is the Orange-tip, which is common 



in spring. The underside of the hind wings is 



mottled with green ; and there is a bright orange 



spot before the tip of the fore wing, both above and below. 



Some of the South American butterflies of this family much 



resemble the Long-winged Butterflies of the same country. 



The family of the Swallow-tailed Butterflies includes 

 a considerable number of large and handsome species, but they are not numerous in Europe, 

 and only one black-and-yellow siDccies, measuring 3 inches across the wings, is found in 

 England, where it is now almost confined to the fens of the south-eastern counties ; its 

 green caterpillar, with transverse black bands spotted with orange, feeds on carrot, fennel, 

 and other similar plants. All the caterpillars of this family are remarkable for possessing a 

 retractile fork on the neck ; but the butterflies do not all possess the long appendage to the 

 hind wings which has given some of them the name of Swallow-tails. Thus it is wanting in 

 most of the great Bird- winged Butterflies of the Eastern Islands, one of which, the Crcesus 

 Butterfly, is represented in the Coloured Plate. The great difference between the sexes is 



Plioto hii 11: SaeiUc-Kcnt, F^Z.S., 



lUljord-on-Sra. 



AUSTRALIAN BUTTERFLIES. 



Emerging from their pnpre. 



