8 KJELLMAN, THE ALG^ OP THE ARCTIC SEA. 



3. Lat. N. 76° 18' Long. E. 92° 20'. 

 Depth : 40 fathoms. Bottom : stones and clay. 



Veget.: Phyllophora interrupta, several specimens. Polysiphonia arctica one small 

 specimen, attached to the preceding. 



4. Lat. N. 77° 36' Long. E. 103° 25'. Cape Chelyuskin. 



Depth: 5 — 10 fathoms. Bottom: clay with pieces of slate and quarz. 



Veget.: almost none; only traces in two places. Laminaria Agardhii, one intact 

 specimen and some in a state of dissolution. 



Sphacelaria arctica, one specimen. 



Pylaiella litoralis, extremely scarce and poor. Not the least trace of a litoral 

 vegetation. Ice-foot remaining almost everywhere. 



5. Lat. N. 73° 40' Long. E. 140° 16'. Blishni Island. 



Depth: 4 fathoms. Bottom: hard clay. 



Veget.: Some specimens of Phyllophora interrupta were found imbedded in the 

 clay which was brought up by the dredges. Their basal parts were torn off, but in 

 general they had a fresh appearance. They had probably been lying loose on the 

 bottom, but not drifted far. 



6. Lat. N. 69° 27' Long. E. 177° 14'. 

 Depth: 4 — 5 fathoms. Bottom: sand and pebbles. 

 Veget.: Delesseria sinuosa, one specimen attached to a species of Hydromedusa. 



My total judgment on the Flora of the Arctic Sea with regard to its number of 

 individuals may, in accordance with the facts exhibited above, be stated in the following 

 manner. 



In about one third of this sea, namely the greater part of the Kara Sea and the 

 Siberian Sea, the vegetation is very poor in individuals; in the Norwegian Polar Sea 

 it is comparable in richness to that of the North Atlantic; in the rest of the Arctic 

 Sea it is considerably more poor, a comparatively lesser surface of the bottom being 

 furnished with algae and the vegetation even on these portions being less dense than 

 in the Atlantic. The vegetation on the west coast of Greenland (in the western part 

 of the Murman Sea and in the White Sea) approaches most nearly to that of the Nor- 

 wegian Polar Sea in number of individuals. 



The distribution of the vegetation on the different bottom-zones, the litoral, the sub- 

 litoral, and the elitoral. I think the limits of these zones may be drawn in the Arctic 

 Sea in the same manner that I have done in my account of the Flora of the Murman 

 Sea. Thus the litoral zone would comprise the bottom-range between tide-marks. The 

 sublitoral zone extends from the lower boundary of the litoral to the depth of 20 

 fathoms. Still deeper parts of the bottom covered with algje form the elitoral zone. 

 Its lower limit certainly varies in different parts of the Arctic Sea. In the Greenland 

 Sea on the coast of Spitzbergen algaj are found growing even at the depth of 150 

 fathoms. 



