88 KJELLMAN, THE ALG^ OF THE ARCTIC SEA. 



Geographical distribution. It belongs properly to that region of the Arctic Sea 

 which lies within the northern limits of the Atlantic, but it is known also from the 

 White Sea and the western part of the Murman Sea. Its northernmost locality is Gjesva?r 

 near North Cape about Lat. N. 71°. It attains its maximum of number of individuals 

 in the southern part of the Norwegian Polar Sea. In 111. Alg. p. H. the species is said 

 to have been found at Novaya Zemlya by K. v. Baer. Not having seen it there my- 

 self, and Gobi, who has examined the Russian collections of algag, not reporting it from 

 that locality, I suppose this statement to have arisen from some mistake. Areschoug 

 in J. G. Ag. Spec. Alg. II. p. 785 mentions the species as occurring wad oras maris 

 glacialis cum lapponicas tum sibiricas". The latter region ought surely to be excluded. 

 I could not detect any trace of it along the coast of Siberia. There are no sure state- 

 ments about the occurrence of the species in other parts of the Arctic Sea ). 



Localities: The Norwegian Polar Sea: Nordlanden, /. t^pica, common and plentiful; 

 Finmarken, local and scarce at Oxfjord, (/. robusta), MaasO and Gjesvaer, {f. flexilis), the 

 south coast- of Magero, (/. typica). 



The White Sea, probably rare and scarce. 



The Murman Sea on the coast of Cisuralian Saraoyede-land, (/. flexilis?). 



Gen. Lithothamuion Phil. 



Wiegm. Arch. I. op. 387. 



Lithotharanion soriferum nob. 



L. fronde pilam in fundo liberam jacentem, sphsericam vel subsphsericam, diametro usque 8 cm., colore 

 roseo-purpuream formante, decomposito-subdichotome raraosissima; ramis e centre solido, exiguo, undique egre- 

 dieiitibus, vel omnino liberis vel in planta adulta inferne plus minus coalitis, teretibus vel subcorapressis, Isevibus, 

 extremis elongatis, iequalibus vel apicem versus subattenuatis, apicibus rotundatis; conceptaculis sporangiferis 

 superfioialibus, numquam innatis, minutis, convexiusculis at parum prorainentibus, infra apices ramulorum re- 

 giones fere definitas Occupantibus, perpaucis vel nuraerosis; sporangiis quaternas sporas foventibus, 95 ;i/. longis, 

 20 ,(/. orassis. Tab. 1. 



Syn. Lithothamnion fasciculatum Kleen, Nordl. Alg. p. 11. 



Description. The frond forms rather regularly spherical masses, that attain even 

 8 cm. in diameter, with a strong colour, between purplish and rosy. I have examined 

 a great many specimens, but I have not found any one that had developed itself on 

 or around a stone or any other hard object. The solid central mass both in young 

 individuals, pi. I. fig. 1, 2, 3, 5, and in older fully developed ones fig. 4, is insignificant, 

 which shows that ramification sets in at the very earliest stage of growth. The frond 

 is repeatedly subdichotomously branched, Avith axes of at least three orders. The branch- 

 systems issue in all directions from the centre of the frond, and can be followed in 

 their whole length, although they are more or less anastomosing below. This anasto- 

 mose has taken place during the growth of the plant. The branch-systems, some diBPe- 



') For further particulars on the distribution of the species the reader is here as well as below referred to 

 the works of the authors quoted under each species iu the list of synonyms. 



