204 KJELLMAN, THE ALG^ OF THE ARCTIC SEA. 



Pylaie is probably a small form of the present)) {F. evanescens) ; Farl. New Engl. Alg. 

 p. 102. However, this and Fucus distichus Kleen var. midonensis Kleen (Nordl. Alg. p. 30) 

 may, I think, be regarded as a distinct species; more on this point below. 



Habitat. The comparatively rare forms, f. nana and f. hursigera, are litoral, the 

 others are always sublitoral, as far as my experience goes. The form pergrandis descends 

 deepest of all. I have generally found the form nana in such places where salt and 

 fresh water is mixed together. The present species is only little gregarious and occurs 

 in exposed as well as in sheltered localities. I have collected specimens of f. nana with 

 receptacles at Spitzbergen and Novaya Zemlya in July, of f. hursigera at Spitzbergen 

 in July, of f. angusta in the eastern part of the Murman Sea in July, in the Kara Sea 

 at the end of August, in the Siberian Sea (scarce) in the earlier part of July, of f. 

 pergrandis at Spitzbergen in July, August, and September, at Novaya Zemlya in July. 

 The typical form bears receptacles all the year round. On the coast of Spitzbergen I 

 have seen specimens with receptacles in November (abundantly), December (abundantly), 

 January, February and March. At the same place 1 observed germinating spores the 

 30 December, the 2 and 10 (abundantly) January, the 3, 17, 20 (abundantly) February, 

 and the 29 March. On the west coast of Novaya Zemlya and Waygats I have found 

 the same form in fruit during June and July. Specimens collected in July and August 

 on the west coast of Greenland bear receptacles. 



Geogr. Distrib. This species is circumpolar, but does not occur in the Norwegian 

 Polar Sea, being replaced here by F. edcntatus. Though abounding also in other parts 

 of the Arctic Sea, it has its maximum of frequency in the Greenland Sea. Its northern- 

 most locality is Musselbay on the north coast of Spitzbergen, Lat. N. 79° 53'. 



Localities: The Greenland Sea: all the forms mentioned, except f. angusta, com- 

 mon and abundaut on the coasts of Spitzbergen; the east coast of Greenland. 



The Murman Sea: (ff. grandifrons, typica, angusta and nana) common and abun- 

 dant on the west coast of Novaya Zemlya and Waygats from Matotshin Shar to Ju- 

 gor Shar. 



The White Sea: more common and abundant than F. vesiculosus. 



The Kara Sea: (f. typica and especially f. angusta) Uddebay abundant; Kara Bay. 



The Siberian Sea: (f. angusta and forms most nearly related to this) Kolyushin 

 Bay abundant. Observed also on the coast east of this point. 



The American Arctic Sea: I have thought I might refer to the present species 

 that Fucus which is reported from iiere under the name of F. vesicidosus. 



Baffin Bag: (ff. pergrandis, typica, angusta, nana, and transitions to f. bursigera) 

 with certainty at Smallesund, Claushavn, Godhavn and Rittenbenk on the west coast 

 of Greenland. Probably also at Hunde Islands, in Whale Sound, Cumberland Sound a. o. 



Fucus edentatus De la Pyl. 

 Fl. Terre neuve p. 84. 

 Descr. Fucus furcatus Kleen, Nordl. Alg. p. 29. 



