904 MOSQUITOES OF NOETH AMERICA 



Anal segment slightly longer than wide, ringed by the plate which has a row of 

 spines along posterior margin ; dorsal tuft of three hairs on each side ; a small 

 lateral tuft; ventral brush rather small but well developed, confined to barred 

 area ; anal gills short, about as long as anal segment, tapered. 



Pupa (plate 150, fig. 711). — Cephalothoracic mass subpyriform, tufts above 

 eyes large; air-tubes very long, slender, cylindrical, not expanded. Abdomen 

 moderate, hairs well developed, especially the subdorsal ones on posterior seg- 

 ments ; small tufts at posterior angles of eighth segment ; anal paddles elongate 

 ovate with finely serrulate margin and minute single terminal spine. 



Dr. Dyar has published the following observations on the developmental 

 stages : 



"The eggs form a boat-shaped mass floating on the surface of the water, 

 much as in Culex pungens, but the mass is smaller, containing a less number 

 of eggs and is less regularly elliptical, more angular. It floats less on the sur- 

 face, the middle eggs being nearly half submerged. The sculpture and color 

 of the individual eggs also are diilerent. The newly hatched larva at once 

 takes up the usual feeding position. This is essentially as in Culex, but the 

 body is held more flatly, more parallel to the surface, yet below the surface film. 

 Consequently, though feeding as Culex, the larvae resemble Anopheles at a 

 casual glance and were several times at first mistaken for them. The larvae are 

 fond of resting below the leaves of the Lemna, where they remain with the air 

 tube penetrating the surface film and feed, often with a rotary motion of the 

 body on the air tube as an axis. Occasionally they bend up to feed at the surface. 

 They are not timid and often a considerable commotion of the water is neces- 

 sary to send them to the bottom. The head may be partly rotated on the neck, 

 but the habit is not so completely developed nor so frequent as in Anopheles, 

 which regularly feeds with the head inverted. It has an elongate, dark brown 

 head with a contrasting pale body, the hairs of the anterior abdominal seg- 

 ments markedly longer than those of the succeeding ones. Of the local species 

 (at Bellport), it most suggests the species of Anopheles, as above noted. The 

 long anterior hairs assist in the deceptive appearance. There seem to be four 

 larval stages, the last three being essentially alike, except for the successively 

 larger size. This is shown best by the head, as in Lepidopterous larvae. The 

 head gradually becomes paler, being black in the young larva and brown in the 

 large ones. The pupa resembles that of Culex, but is very small and has un- 

 usually long air tubes. The species seems to breed continuously all summer, 

 preferring warm stagnant pools of some size, containing Spvrogyra,." 



To this Professor Smith of New Jersey adds the following: 

 " At Lahaway I found the egg boats near the shallow edge of a large fish 

 pond and the larvae among the vegetation along the shallow edge of a lily pond 

 in late June. Mr. Grossbeck found larvae in Cadwalader Park, Trenton, 

 August 5th; Mr. Brehme found it at Metedeconk, September 23d, and at 

 Irvington, September 15th. Mr. Brakeley has found single specimens at differ- 

 ent periods during the summer. It is what he calls a local breeder, being found 

 in about the same places each year and always in permanent bodies of water." 



Dr. Hiram Byrd has bred this species from larvae found ia a small stream in 

 the city, at Jacksonville, Florida. 



Eastern United States, from New Hampshire to the Gulf of Mexico, Florida 

 and Cuba. 



Center Harbor, New Hampshire, July 27, 30, 1902 (H. G. Dyar) ; Dublin, 

 New Hampshire, August, 1909 (H. G. Dyar) ; Ithaca, New York, August 8, 

 19, 1901, October 2, 1902 (0. A. Johannsen) ; Bellport, New York, September 



