172 COTTON 
thus controlling soil conditions, will favorably in- 
fluence the plant so that it can outgrow the trouble. 
Liming the soil to improve its mechanical con- 
dition; good tillage so as to loosen and aérate the 
soil; frequent cultivation in the spring so as to dry 
out the soil, usually after rain, and at the same 
time warm it up, are the best means of helping the 
plant when the fungus appears. 
Welt:—This disease has also been called ‘‘french- 
ing,” and extends over a considerable portion of the 
Sothern Cotton Belt. The fungus gains entrance 
through the roots and thence goes into the weod 
tissue or the stems. The srowth of the fungus in 
the stems naturally hinders the upward and down- 
ward movement of the plant solutions, thus inter- 
fering with the physiological processes of the plant. 
How the disease works may be readily seen by 
splitting open the stem: a brownish diseased con- 
dition will be noticed. Occasionally vou find that 
a greater part of the leaves of the affected plant 
drop and the plant dies, a new growth probably 
appearing from the lower part of fhe stalk. 
The only remedy lies in securing a variety or 
breeding a variety that will resist the disease. ‘This 
isthe only directionfrom which help cancome. By 
going into the field and selecting seed only from 
plants that have lived through the plague, you can, 
after awhile, secure plants that will grow on in- 
fected soil. 
Mosaic Disease:—The name “yellow blight” 
is also applied to this disease. It follows as the re- 
sult of uncongenial conditions of soil and weather, 
and even of other diseases that seem to sap the 
strength of the plant. Healthy leaves, or leaves 
from very healthy plants, are seldom if ever at- 
ce 
