Genus i. 



PINE FAMILY, CONIFERS. 



8. Pinus pungens Lambert. Table-Mountain Pine. Hickory Pine. Fig. 138. 



Pinus pungens Lambert; Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. i: 61. 

 pi. 5. 1810. 



A tree with a maximum height of about 6o° and 

 trunk diameter of 3i°, the branches spreading, the old 

 rough bark in flakes. Leaves mostly in 2's, some in 3's, 

 stout and stiff, light green, 2F-4' long, crowded on the 

 twigs ; fibro-vascular bundles 2 ; young sheaths s"-8" 

 long; cones lateral, usually clustered, long-persistent on 

 the branches, ovoid, 3i'-s' long, 2'-3' thick while the 

 scales are closed, nearly globular when these are ex- 

 panded'; scales very thick and woody, their ends with a 

 large elevated transverse ridge, centrally tipped by a 

 stout reflexed or spreading spine 2"-2i" long. 



In woods, sometimes forming forests, western New 

 Jersey and central Pennsylvania to Georgia and Tennes- 

 see. Ascends to 4000 ft. in North Carolina. Wood soft, 

 weak, brittle, light brown; weight per cubic foot 31 lbs. 

 May. Called also Prickly pine, Southern Mountain-pine. 



Pinus Taeda L. 



Loblolly Pine. Old-field Pine. Fig. 139. 



Pinus Taeda L. Sp. PI. 1000. 1753. 



A large forest tree, reaching, under favorable con- 

 ditions, a height of 150 and a trunk diameter of 5°, 

 the branches spreading, the bark thick and. rugged, flaky 

 in age. Leaves in 3's (rarely some of them in 2's), 

 slender, not stiff, light green, ascending or at length 

 spreading, 6'-io' long; fibro-vascular bundles 2; sheaths 

 8"-i2" long when young; cones lateral, spreading, 

 oblong-conic, 3-5' long, i'-ii' thick before the scales 

 open; scales thickened at the apex, the transverse ridge 

 prominent, acute, tipped with a central short triangular 

 reflexed-spreading spine. 



Southern New Jersey to Florida and Texas, mostly near 

 the coast, north through the Mississippi Valley to Ar- 

 kansas. Wood not strong, brittle, coarse-grained, light 

 brown ; weight per cubic foot 34 lbs. Springs up in old 

 fields or in clearings. Also called Frankincense, Sap, Torch, 

 Slash, Swamp, Bastard, Long-straw or Indian-pine ; Long- 

 shucks ; Foxtail, Shortleaf, and Rosemary pine. April- 

 May. 



10. Pinus rigida Mill. Pitch Pine. 



Pinus rigida Mill. Gard. Diet. Ed. 8, No. 10. 1768. 



A forest tree reaching a maximum height of about 

 8o° and a trunk diameter of 3 , the branches spreading, 

 the old bark rough, furrowed, flaky in strips. Leaves 

 in 3's (very rarely some in 4's), stout and stiff, rather 

 dark green, 3'-s' long, spreading when mature; fibro- 

 vascular bundles 2 ; sheaths 4," -6" long when young ; 

 cones lateral, ovoid, 1Y-3' long, becoming nearly glob- 

 ular when the scales open, commonly numerous and 

 clustered; scales thickened at the apex, the transverse 

 ridge acute, provided with a stout central triangular 

 recurved-spreading prickle. 



In dry, sandy or rocky soil, New Brunswick to Georgia, 

 west to southern Ontario, Ohio, West Virginia, Tennessee 

 and Alabama. Ascends to 3000 ft. in Virginia. This forms 

 most of the " pine barrens " of Long Island and New 

 Jersey. Wood soft, brittle, coarse-grained, light reddish- 

 brown ; weight per cubic foot 32 lbs. Also called Sap, 

 Hard, Yellow, and Black Norway or Candlewood-pine ; 

 produces shoots from cut stumps. April-May. Leaves 

 sometimes only i'/i' long on mountain trees. 



Torch Pine. Fig. 140. 



