CYPERACEAE. 



Vol. I. 



Umbrella- 



i. FuirenasquarrdsaMichx. 

 grass. Fig. 832. 



F. squarrosa Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 : 37. 1803. 



F. squarrosa var. pumila Torr. Fl. U. S. 1 : 68. 1824. 



Annual, with fibrous roots, the rootstocks 

 very short or none; culms tu-fted, glabrous or 

 nearly so, 2'-i° tall. Leaves flat, nearly or 

 quite glabrous or the lower sheaths pubescent ; 

 spikelets sessile and 1-10 together in terminal 

 and often also lateral capitate clusters, ovoid 

 or ovoid-oblong, acute or obtuse, z"-6" long, 

 about 2.V in diameter; scales ovate or oblong, 

 brown, pubescent, mostly obtuse, 3-nerved, 

 tipped with a stout spreading or recurved awn 

 of nearly their own length; perianth-scales 

 oblong to ovate, long-stalked, usually narrowed 

 at both ends, tapering into a slender terminal 

 downwardly barbed awn ; bristles mostly longer 

 than the achene. 



In wet meadows and marshes, Massachusetts to 

 Florida and Louisiana. Also in Michigan and In- 

 diana. July-Sept. 



2. Fuirena hispida Ell. Hairy Fuirena. 

 Fig. 833. 



Fuirena hispida Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 1 : 579. 1821. 

 F. squarrosa hispida Chapm. Fl. S. States 514. i860. 



Perennial by short rootstocks which often bear 

 tubers; culms glabrous or pubescent, 8'-24° high. 

 Leaves flat, both the blades and the sheaths more 

 or less densely hirsute; spikelets 2-8 together in 

 capitate terminal and usually also axillary clusters, 

 similar to those of the preceding species, the 

 scales with spreading or recurved awns; perianth- 

 scales deltoid-ovate, cordate to" rounded at the base, 

 stalked, tipped with a short smooth awn or merely 

 mucronate ; bristles mostly downwardly barbed, 

 shorter or longer than the achene. 



Wet grounds, New York(?), New Jersey to Florida, 

 Kentucky, Indian Territory and Texas. June-Oct. 



3. Fuirena simplex Vahl. Western Um- 

 brella-grass. Fig. 834. 



Fuirena simplex Vahl, Enum. 2: 384. 1806. 



Fuirena squarrosa var. aristulata Torr. Ann. Lye. N. 

 Y. 3: 291. 1836. 



Similar to the preceding species, rootstock 

 short, thick; culms slender, s'-2° tall, glabrous. 

 Leaves flat, glabrous or ciliate; scales tipped 

 with a spreading or reflexed awn ; sepals ovate- 

 oblong, obtuse arid usually notched at the apex, 

 obtuse, truncate or subcordate at the base, longer 

 or shorter than their stalks, awned on _ the back 

 from below the apex, the awn varying in length, 

 smooth or downwardly barbed; bristles re- 

 trorsely hispid, equalling or exceeding the ses- 

 sile or short-stalked achene. 



In moist soil, Nebraska, Missouri, Kansas, Texas 

 and Mexico. Also in Cuba. June-Sept. 



