454 



ERIOCAULACEAE. 



Vol. I. 



About 200 species, widely distributed, mostly in warm regions. Besides the following, 3 others 

 occur in the southern United States, and 3 in Mexico. Type species : Eriocaulon decangulare L. 

 Leaf-blades as long as the sheaths, coarsely 3-9-fenestrate-nerved ; scapes 7-angled; heads ij4"-3" 

 in diameter. 

 Mature head spheroidal, with a spreading or reflexed involucre ; marginal flowers spreading or 

 reflexed. r. E. septangulare. 



Mature head and involucre campanulate ; marginal flowers permanently erect. 2. E. Parkeri. 

 Leaf-blades shorter than the sheaths, finely 6-20-fenestrate-nerved ; scapes 10-12-angled, heads 

 3"-6" in diameter. 3- E. compressum. 



Leaf-blades much longer than the sheaths, finely 10-50-nerved; scapes 10-14-angled ; heads 4"-8" 

 in diameter 4- ■£■ decangulare. 



i. Eriocaulon septangulare With. Seven- 

 angled Pipewort. Fig. 1140. 



E. septangulare With. Bot. Arr. Brit. PI. 784. 1776. 

 Nasmythia articulata Huds. Fl. Angl. Ed. 2, 415. 1778. 

 E. articulatum Morong, Bull. Torr. Club 18: 353. 1891. 



Stem a mere crown. Leaf-blades pellucid, 3-8- 

 fenestrate-nerved, ¥-3' long, usually as long as the 

 sheaths; scapes weak, twisted, about 7-angled, smooth, 

 1 '-8' tall, or when submersed sometimes 4°-io° long; 

 involucral bracts glabrous, or the innermost bearded 

 at the apex, oblong, usually shorter than the flowers; 

 marginal flowers usually staminate ; scales of the 

 receptacle spatulate or obovate, abruptly pointed, brown 

 above, white- woolly ; staminate flowers about ii"high; 

 pistillate flowers scarcely more than half as large; 

 perianth-segments white-bearded. 



In still water or on shores, Newfoundland to Ontario, 

 Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Europe. July-Oct. 



2. Eriocaulon Parkeri B. L. Robinson. Parker's 

 Pipewort. Fig. 1141. 



Eriocaulon Parkeri B. L. Robinson, Rhodora 5: 175. 1903. 



Stem very short. Leaf-blades pellucid, 7-9-fenestrate- 

 nerved, ii'-2i' long; scapes rather rigid, mostly 7-angled, 

 smooth, 2'-4' tall ; involucral bracts glabrous, oval, about 

 as long as the flowers; marginal flowers pistillate; 

 scales of the receptacle glabrous or nearly so; stami- 

 nate and pistillate flowers about 1" high; perianth- 

 segments of both kinds of flowers glabrous, or obscurely 

 short-pubescent at the apex. 



On the shores of the Delaware River, near Camden and 

 Bordentown, New Jersey; Washington, D. C. July-Oct. 



3. Eriocaulon compressum Lam. Flat- 

 tened Pipewort. Fig. 1142. 



Eriocaulon compressum Lam. Encycl. 3 : 276. 1789- 

 E. gnaphalodes Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 165. 1803. 



Leaf-blades 6-20-fenestrate-nerved, usually 

 shorter than the sheaths and tapering to a long 

 sharp point, rigid, or when submersed thin and 

 pellucid. Stem a mere crown ; scapes 6'-3° tall, 

 smooth, flattened when dry, 10-12-angled ; invo- 

 lucral bracts rounded, obtuse, scarious, shining, 

 smooth, imbricated in 3 or 4 series; heads 3"-6' 

 in diameter, frequently dioecious; receptacle gla- 

 brous; flowers ii"-2" high. 



In still shallow water, southern New Jersey to 

 Florida and Texas. At flowering time the styles and 

 stigmas are much exserted. May-Oct. 



