Genus 7. 



LILY FAMILY. 



505 



7. FRITILLARIA [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 303. 1753. 

 Bulbous herbs with simple leafy stems, and rather large nodding solitary or racemed 

 leafy-bracted flowers. Perianth mostly campanulate, deciduous, of 6 separate and nearly 

 equal oblong or ovate segments, each with a nectar-pit or spot at the base. Stamens 6, hy- 

 pogynous; filaments filiform or somewhat flattened; anthers linear or oblong. Ovary 

 nearly or quite sessile, 3-celled; ovules numerous in each cavity; style slender or filiform, 

 3-lobed or 3-cleft, the lobes stigmatic along the inner 

 side. Capsule obovoid or globose, 6-angled, loculi- 

 cidally dehiscent. Seeds numerous, flat, obovate or 

 suborbicular, margined or winged. [Latin, from 

 fritillus, a dice-box or chess-board, in allusion to the 

 form or to the checkered markings of the perianth 

 in some species.] 



About 50 species, natives of the north temperate 

 zone. Besides the following, about 12 others occur in 

 western North America. Type species : Fritillaria pyre- 

 naica L. 



i. Fritillaria atropurpurea Nutt. Purple 

 Fritillaria. Fig. 1263. 



F. atropurpurea Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 54. 1834. 



Bulb ¥ in diameter or less. Stem 6'-is' high, 

 slender, leafless below ; leaves linear, alternate, ses- 

 sile, i¥-sk' long, ii"-2" wide or less ; flowers 1-6, 

 purple or purplish green and mottled; perianth- 

 segments narrowly oblong, obfusish, 6"-io" long; 

 peduncles i'-i' long; stamens one-half to two-thirds 

 as long as the perianth; style 3-cleft to about the 

 middle, the lobes linear; capsule erect, acutely angled, 

 5"-6" high. 



North Dakota to Nebraska, Montana and California. June-July. 



8. TULIPA (Tourn.) L. Sp. PI. 305. 1753. 



Bulbous herbs with erect leaf-bearing stems and large solitary (rarely 2) erect flowers. 

 Perianth campanulate, the segments distinct, erect or erect-spreading, deciduous, usually 

 with a spot at the base, but without a nectar-gland; stamens 6, hypogynous, shorter than the 



perianth; anthers erect, basifixed; ovary nearly 



or quite sessile, 3-celled ; ovules numerous ; 



capsule oblong or globose; seeds numerous, 



flat. [Ancient name.] 



Fifty species or more, natives of Europe and 

 Asia. Type species : Tulipa sylvestris L. 



i. Tulipa sylvestris L. 



Fig. 1264. 



Wild Tulip. 



Tulipa sylvestris L. Sp. PI. 305. 1753- 



Bulb ovoid, 1' long or less, covered with 

 dark brown scales. Stem about 2° high, bear- 

 ing 1-3 linear-lanceolate grayish-green acumi- 

 nate leaves; flower yellow, 3-4' broad; inner 

 perianth-segments somewhat broader than the 

 outer, acute; filaments pubescent at the base; 

 capsule narrowly oblong, 3-angled; seeds obo- 

 void, brown. 



Meadows, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 

 ventive from Europe. April-June. 



Ad- 



9. ERYTHRONIUM L. Sp. PI. 305. 1753. 



Low herbs, from deep membranous-coated corms, sometimes propagated by offshoots, 

 the stem simple, bearing a pair of broad or narrow unequal leaves, usually below the middle, 



