548 



ORCHIDACEAE. 



Vol. I. 



Lateral sepals free ; anther-sacs opening in front. 8. Limnorchis. 

 Bases of the lateral sepals adnate to the. claw of the lip; anther-sacs 

 opening laterally. 9. Piperia. 



Stem scapiform ; leaves 1-2, basal ; anther-sacs divergent. 



Basal leaves 2; ovary straight. 10. Lysias. 



Basal leaf 1 ; ovary arcuate. 11. Lysiella. 



Lip fringed or parted and cut-toothed. 12. Blephariglottis. 



Pollinia not produced into a caudicle (except, apparently in No. 25). 

 Pollinia granulose or powdery. (Neottieae.) 



Flowers comparatively large, solitary or few ; anthers incumbent on a long column. 

 Leaves not grass-like ; lip free. 

 Flowers terminal ; lip crested. 

 Leaves alternate. 

 Stem-leaves whorled. 

 Flowers axillary ; lip not crested. 

 Leaves grass-like. 



Flower solitary ; lip adherent to the base of the column. 

 Flowers racemose ; lip free. 

 Flowers numerous, in spikes or racemes; anthers erect, jointed to 

 Anther operculate ; leaves broad, alternate. 

 Anther not operculate. 



Leaves green, borne on the stem. 



Leaves alternate ; spike mostly twisted. 

 Leaves 2, opposite ; spike not twisted. 

 Leaves white-reticulated, basal. 

 Pollinia smooth and waxy. (Epidendreae.) 



Plants with corms or solid bulbs, rarely with coralloid roots ; leave 

 Leaves unfolding before or with the flowers. 



Leaf cauline ; lip ovate, or auricled at the base. 

 Leaf or leaves basal. 



Leaves 2 ; lip flat ; flowers racemed. 

 Leaf 1 ; lip saccate ; flower solitary. 

 Leaf 1, basal, unfolding after the flowering time. 

 Flowers long-spurred ; lip 3-lobed. 

 Flowers not spurred; lip 3-ridged. 

 Plants with coralloid roots', bulbless ; -the leaves reduced to scales. 



Pollinia 4, in 2 pairs; flowers gibbous or spurred. 27. Corallorrhisa. 



Pollinia 8, united ; flowers not gibbous nor spurred. 28. Hexalectris. 



i. CYPRIPEDIUM L. Sp. PI. 951. 1753. 

 Glandular-pubescent herbs, with leafy sterns and tufted roots of thick fibres. Leaves 

 large, broad, many-nerved. Flowers solitary or several, drooping, large, showy. Sepals 

 spreading, separate, or 2 of them united under the lip. Lip a large inflated sac. Column 

 declined, bearing a sessile or stalked anther on each side and a dilated petaloid sterile stamen 

 above, which covers the summit of the style. Pollinia granular, without a caudicle or glands. 

 Stigma terminal, broad, obscurely 3-lobed. [Name Greek, Venus' sock or buskin.] 



About 20 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, some 4 others 

 occur in western North America. Type species : Cypripedium Calceolus L. 

 Sepals separate ; stem leafy, i-flowered. 1. 



Lateral sepals more or less united. 



Sepals and petals not longer than the lip. 



Plant 6'-io' high ; lip about y 2 ' long. 2. 



Plant i -2j^° high; lip i'-a' long. 3. 



Sepals and petals equalling or longer than the lip. 



Sterile stamen lanceolate ; lip white. 4. C. candidum. 



Sterile stamen triangular ; lip yellow. 5- C parvifloritm. 



C. arietinum. 



C. passerinum. 

 C. reginae. 



i. Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. Ram's- 

 head Ladies'-slipper. Fig. 1354. 



Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, 

 5: 222. 1813. 



Stem 8'-i2' high, i-flowered. Leaves 3 or 4, elliptic 

 or lanceolate, 2'-4' long, I-3' wide; sepals separate, 

 lanceolate, 8"-io" long, longer than the lip; petals 

 linear, greenish brown, about as long as the sepals; 

 lip 7"-8" long, red and white, veiny, prolonged at 

 the apex into a long blunt spur, somewhat distorted 

 at the upper end which resembles a ram's head, 

 whence the specific name. 



In cold and damp woods, Quebec to Manitoba, Massa- 

 chusetts, New York and Minnesota. Ram's-head. Amer- 

 ican valerian. May-Aug. 



