55 2 



ORCHIDACEAE. 



Vol. I. 



i. Perularia flava (L.) Farwell. Tuber- 



cled Orchis. Small Pale-green Orchis. 



Fig. 1362. 



Orchis flava L. Sp. PI. 942. 1753. 



Orchis virescens Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 37. 1805. 



Habenaria virescens Spreng. Syst. 3: 688. 1826. 



H. flava A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. 38: 308. 1840. 



P. flava Farwell, Ann. Rep. Parks Detroit 11 : 54. 1900. 



Stem rather stout, i°-2° high, leafy. Leaves 

 lanceolate or elliptic, acute or obtuse, 4/-12' long, 

 8"-3' wide; spike 2'-6' long; bracts acuminate, 

 longer than the ovaries; petals greenish; sepals 

 and petals ovate or roundish, about 3" long; 

 sepals greenish yellow, lip a little longer than the 

 petals, entire or crenulate, mostly with an obtuse 

 tooth on each side and a tubercle at the middle of 

 the base; anther-sacs parallel, the sides forming 

 a rounded cavity, in which lie the orbicular in- 

 curved glands; capsule about 4" long. 



In moist soil, Nova Scotia and Ontario to Minne- 

 sota, Florida and Louisiana and Missouri. Yellow or 

 greenish orchis. Green rein-orchis. Races differ 

 in the shape of the lip. June-July. 



6. COELOGLOSSUM Hartm. Handb. Scand. Fl. 323. 1820. 



Leafy plants, with biennial 2-cleft tubers. Flowers greenish in a long leafy-bracted spike. 

 Sepals free, somewhat arcuate, bent together and forming a hood. Petals narrow. Lip 

 oblong, obtuse, 2-3-toothed at the apex. Spur much shorter than the lip, blunt, sac-like. 

 Column short. Pollinia with long caudicles. Glands small, scarcely wider than the caudicle, 

 surrounded by a thin membrane. [Latin, heaven-tongue.] 



A boreal genus of 2 or 3 species, only the following in North America. Type species : Coelo- 

 glossum viride (L.) Hartm. 



i. Coeloglossum bracteatum (Willd.) Pari. 

 Long-bracted Orchis. Fig. 1363. 



Orchis bracteata Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 34. 1805. 



H. bracteata R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, 5 : 192. 1813. 



Habenaria viridis var. bracteata Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 



13: 130. /. 435- 1851. 

 C. bracteatum Pari. Fl. Ital. 3 : 409. 1858. 



Stem slender or stout, leafy, 6'-2° high. Leaves 

 lanceolate, ovate or oval, or the lowest sometimes 

 obovate, obtuse or acute, 2'-$' long, the upper much 

 smaller; bracts longer than the ovaries, the lower ones 

 2 or 3 times as long; spike 3'-s' long, loosely flowered; 

 flowers green or greenish; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 

 spreading, dilated or somewhat gibbous at the base, 

 about 3" long; petals very narrow, sometimes thread- 

 like; lip 3"-4" long, oblong-spatulate, 2-3-toothed or 

 lobed at the apex, more than twice as long as the white 

 sac-like spur; anther-sacs divergent at the base. 



In woods and meadows, Nova Scotia to Alaska, North 

 Carolina and Nebraska. Also in Europe. Vegetable satyr. 

 Bracted green orchis. May-Sept. 



7. GYMNADENIOPSIS Rydb. in Britton, Man. 293. 1901. 



Leafy plants, with fleshy fibrous or somewhat tuberous roots, and a short spike of small 

 flowers. Sepals free and spreading. Lip entire or 3-toothed at the apex, much exceeded by 

 the long filiform or clavate spur. Beak of the stigma with 2 or 3 oblong or clavate appen- 

 dages. Anther-sacs parallel and approximate, their glands, naked and contiguous. Pollinia 

 granular, with short caudicles. 



A North American genus, formerly included in Habenaria. It is closely related to the Euro- 

 pean genus Gymnadenia, from which it differs in the appendages of the stigma ; hence the name. 

 Type species : Gymnadeniopsis nivea (Nutt.) Rydb. 



Lip entire ; stigma with 2 appendages ; stem several-leaved. 



Ovary not twisted ; spur longer than the ovary ; flowers white. 1. G. nivea. 



Ovary twisted ; spur shorter than the ovary ; flowers orange. 2. G. Integra. 



Lip 3-toothed ; stigma with 3 appendages ; leaves 1 or 2. 3. G. clavellata. 



