574 



ORCHIDACEAE. 



Vol. I. 



i. Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl.) Torr. 



Adam-and-Eve. Putty-root. Fig. 1412. 



Arethusa spicata Walt. Fl. Car. 222. 1788. 

 Cymbidium hyemale Muhl.; Willd'. Sp. PI. 4: 107. 



1805. 

 Aplectrum hyemale Torr. Compend. 322. 1826. 

 Aplectrum spicatum B.S.P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 51. 1888. 



Not Arethusa spicata Walt. 

 A. Shortii Rydb. in Britton, Man, 305. 1901. 



Scape glabrous, i°-2° high, bearing about 3 

 scales. Leaf arising from the corm, at the side 

 of the scape, elliptic or ovate, 4'-6' long, J-3' 

 wide, usually lasting over winter; raceme 2'-^' 

 long, loosely several-flowered; flowers dull yel- 

 lowish brown mixed with purple, about 1' long, 

 short-pedicelled ; sepals and petals linear-lanceo- 

 late, about ¥ long; lip shorter than the petals, 

 obtuse, somewhat 3-lobed and undulate; column 

 slightly curved, shorter than the lip; capsule 

 oblong-ovoid, angled, about 10" long. 



In woods and swamps, Ontario to Saskatchewan 

 and Oregon, south to Georgia, Missouri and Cali- 

 fornia. Several old corms usually remain attached 

 to the latest one. May-June. 



C. Corallorrhiza. 

 C. maculata. 



3. C. Wisteriana. 



C. odontorrhisa. 

 C. ochroleuca. 

 C. striata. 



27. CORALLORRHIZA (Haller) Chatelain, Spec. Inaug. 8. 1760. 



Scapose, yellowish or purplish herbs, saprophytes or root-parasites, with large masses of 

 coralloid branching rootstocks, the leaves all reduced to sheathing scales. Flowers in 

 terminal racemes. Sepals nearly equal, the lateral ones united at the base with the foot of 

 the column, forming a short spur or gibbous protuberance, the other one free, the spur 

 adnate to the summit of the ovary. Petals about as long as the sepals, 1-3-nerved. Lip 

 1-3-ridged. Column nearly free, slightly incurved, somewhat 2-winged. Anther terminal, 

 operculate. Pollinia 4, in 2 pairs, oblique, free, soft-waxy. [Greek, from the coral-like roots.] 



About 15 species, widely distributed in the north temperate zone. Besides the following, some 

 4 others occur in southern and western North America. Type species : Corallorrhisa trifida Chatelain. 



Lip 3-lobed. 



Lateral lobes of lip very small ; spur a small protuberance. 

 Lateral lobes of lip large ; spur prominent. 

 Lip not lobed, entire, notched or undulate. 



Perianth 3"-6" long ; spur evident, sometimes small. 

 Lip long-clawed, notched. 

 Lip short-clawed or sessile, not notched. 

 Perianth about 2" long ; lip spotted. 

 Perianth s"-6" long ; lip not spotted. 

 Perianth 8"-o" long ; no spur. 



i. Corallorrhiza Corallorrhiza (L.) Karst. 

 Early Coral-root. Fig. 14 13. 

 Ophrys Corallorrhisa L. Sp. PI. 945. 1753. 

 C. trifida Chatelain, Spec. Inaug. 8. 1760. 

 C. Neottia Scop. Fl. Cam. Ed. 2, 2 : 207. 1772. 

 C. innata R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, 5 : 209. 1813. 

 C. Corallorrhiza Karst. Deutsch. Fl. 448. 1880-83. 



Scape glabrous, 4'-i2' high, clothed with 2-5 

 closely sheathing scales. Raceme i'-3' long, 3-12- 

 flowered; flowers mainly dull purple, on very short 

 minutely bracted pedicels ; sepals and petals narrow, 

 about 3" long; lip shorter than the petals, oblong, 

 whitish, 2-toothed or 2-lobed above the base; spur, 

 a sac or small protuberance adnate to the summit 

 of the ovary; capsule 4"-6" long, oblong or some- 

 what obovoid. 



In woods, Newfoundland' to Alaska, south to New 

 Jersey, in the mountains to Georgia, and to Ohio, Ne- 

 braska and Colorado. Ascends to 3000 ft. in Vermont. 

 Also in Europe. May-June. 



