Genus i. 



WALNUT FAMILY. 



i. Juglans nigra L. Black Walnut. Fig. 142 1. 



Juglans nigra L. Sp. PI. 997. 1753. 



A large forest tree with rough brown bark, 

 maximum height about 150°, trunk diameter 8°, 

 the twigs of the season and petioles puberulent, the 

 older twigs glabrous or very nearly so. Leaflets 

 I3~ 2 3i ovate-lanceolate, more or less inequilateral, 

 acuminate at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the 

 base, serrate with low teeth, glabrous or very nearly 

 so above, pubescent beneath, 3'-s' long, i'-2' wide ; 

 staminate aments solitary in the axils of leaf-scars 

 of the preceding season, 3-5' long; drupes usually 

 solitary or 2 together, globose or a little longer than 

 thick, li'-3' in diameter, glabrous but papillose, not 

 viscid; nut corrugated, slightly compressed, 4-celled 

 at the base and apex. 



In rich woods, Massachusetts to southern Ontario and 

 Minnesota, south to Florida and Texas. Wood strong, 

 hard, rich brown ; weight per cubic foot 38 lbs. April- 

 May. Fruit ripe Oct.-Nov. 



2. Juglans cinerea L. Butternut. White or 

 Lemon Walnut. Oil-nut. Fig. 1422. 



Juglans cinerea L. Sp. PI. Ed. 2, 1415. 1763. 



A forest tree, resembling the Black Walnut, but 

 smaller, rarely over ioo° high and 3° in trunk diameter, 

 the bark gray, smoother, the twigs, petioles and leaflets 

 viscid-pubescent, at least when young. Leaflets 11-19, 

 oblong-lanceolate, acuminate at the apex, scarcely inequi- 

 lateral, obtuse, rounded or truncate at the base, serrate 

 with low teeth; drupes racemed, oblong, densely viscid- 

 pubescent, 2-3' long and about one-half as thick, 

 pointed ; nut 4-ribbed, deeply sculptured, and with sharp 

 longitudinal ridges, firmly adherent to the husk, 2- 

 celled at the base. 



In rich or rocky woods. New Brunswick and Ontario to 

 North Dakota, south to Delaware, in the Alleghanies to 

 Georgia, and to Mississippi, Arkansas and Kansas. Ascends 

 to 2500 ft. in Virginia. Wood soft, rather weak, light 

 brown; weight per cubic foot 25 lbs. April-May. Fruit 

 ripe Oct.-Nov. 



2. HICORIA Raf. Med. Rep. (II.) 5: 352. 1808. 

 [Carya Nutt. Gen. 2 : 221. 1818.] 



Trees, with close or shaggy bark, odd-pinnate leaves and serrate or serrulate leaflets. 

 Staminate flowers in slender drooping aments, borne mostly in 3's on a common peduncle at 

 the base of the shoots of the season, or clustered and sessile or nearly so in the axils of leaf- 

 scars at the summit of twigs of the preceding year; calyx adnate to the bract, 2-3-lobed or 

 2-3-cleft ; stamens 3-10 ; filaments short. Pistillate flowers 2-6, together on a terminal pedun- 

 cle; bract fugacious or none; calyx 4-toothed; petals none; style 2 or 4, papillose or fimbri- 

 ate, short. Fruit subglobose, oblong or obovoid, the husk separating more or less com- 

 pletely into 4 valves; nut bony, smooth or angled, incompletely 2-4-celled; seed sweet and 

 delicious or very bitter and astringent. [From the aboriginal name Hicori.] 



About 15 species of eastern North America, one in Mexico. Type species: Juglans alba L. 

 Bud-scales few, valvate ; lateral leaflets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, falcate. 



Nut not compressed or angled; seed sweet. 1. H. Pecan. 



Nut somewhat compressed or angled ; seed intensely bitter. 



Leaflets 5-9 ; nut smooth. 2. H. cordiformis. 



Leaflets 9-13 ; nut angled. 3. H. aquatica. 



Bud-scales imbricate ; lateral leaflets not falcate. 



Husk of the fruit freely splitting to the base; bract of the staminate calyx at least twice as 

 long as the lobes. 



