ON PAPER-SHELL WALNUTS 
There is an Asiatic species, known as Juglans 
Manschurica, that may be regarded as interme- 
diate in form between the butternut and the black 
walnut. It rather closely resembles the Japanese 
walnut in general appearance, but it bears a nut 
with rough surface like the butternut, and the meat 
is also similar in quality and appearance to that 
of the butternut, being superior to that of the black 
walnut. 
This tree may be said to form a connecting link 
between the Japanese walnut, the American black 
walnut, and the butternut. Possibly it could be 
used advantageously in a hybridizing experiment 
that would ultimately blend the strains of these 
different species. 
THE CULTIVATION OF THE WALNUTS 
The idea of growing walnuts commercially is 
one that has scarcely been thought of in the tem- 
perate regions of the United States. Even in 
regions of the middle and eastern states where the 
English walnut will grow, it has never been culti- 
vated extensively, and of course this tree is too 
tender to be profitably grown in the northern 
states. But the black walnut and butternut, on the 
other hand, are exceedingly hardy trees, thriving 
even in regions where the winters are excessively 
cold. 
All of these trees, however, require a deep, rich, 
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