60 THE BEE-KEEPER’S MANUAL, 
above. Without any adapter, the super itself is 
detached and removed alone. 
We have here been assuming that glass supers 
are to be employed, but this is by no means an 
essential. The bee-keeper who gives them his choice 
is directed to the remarks headed ‘Bell-Glasses,” 
near the close of the chapter on ‘“‘Summer Manage- 
ment.” The common bell-glasses used as shades 
have no opening to admit of ventilation, and should 
therefore be avoided. But, instead of glasses of any 
kind, a straw super may be fixed upon, and then 
all that is necessary is to procure a second skep 
small enough to stand upon the first, and to admit 
of a third being placed over it for a cover, as in the 
case of the bell-glasses in the last paragraph (indeed, 
this third hive may be dispensed with, provided some 
other cover is substituted; but a complete jacket 
for the super is highly advisable). With a flat-topped 
hive or a wooden crown-board, adapters may be used 
in the same manner as with the bell-glasses. 
A straw super can also be made of the same flat and 
cylindrical form as the stock-hive above described. 
The size may vary in diameter, according to season 
and locality, from ten to thirteen inches, or even the 
full width of the stock-hive, and three to six inches in 
inside height. In good years two or more of such 
supers may be filled in succession, the appearance of 
the hive determining the expediency of such additions. 
Should the stock-hive become hot and crowded before 
the first cap is entirely filled, a second smaller one 
(or triplet) may be added. In such cases, the first 
super is always to remain the upper one, for it 
