SUMMER MANAGEMENT. 191 
Whatever may be said as to the pleasing appear- 
unee of glass supers, it is doubtful whether in point 
of utility and economy they can compete with those 
of straw, made as directed under the head of 
“Straw Depriving Hives,” and which can readily be 
packed and sent to a distance, if needed:* or 
shallow supers, as wide as the stock-hive admits, 
may be cheaply made out of a wooden hoop, three 
or four inches deep, on which is fixed a thin top, 
by two or three small screws. These are readily 
withdrawn, when the top can be lifted up with the 
combs suspended. 
In the use of glasses it is always well at first to 
prevent the escape of warmth, especially at night, 
till the bees are well established in their new 
work-room; and the admission of light is best 
avoided. A little ventilation afterwards, in sultry 
weather, is desirable; and this may be given by 
slightly wedging up the lower edge of the super. If 
both a crown-board and adapter are in use, it is 
easy to insert a slip or two of tin or zine between 
the two boards, so as to keep them a little 
separated, for the passage of air, when it seems 
necessary. Sometimes it is even advisable to 
introduce between the stock and the super a very 
shallow box, as a moderator of the temperature. I 
have found, by experiment, that at a temperature 
between 95 and 100 degrees, the combs will soften so 
much as to be in danger of collapsing. 
* This remark, it need hardly be said, has no reference to the com- 
parative merits of bar or frame supers, as balanced against round ones 
of glass or straw. 
