APPENDICES. 331 
hinged. As the frame or holder stands in front of the operator, 
the hinged side falls upon the table, and the lower tier of boxes 
is placed in position, the first box being pushed to the rigid 
angle. The upper tier follows, when the movable side is raised, 
and all are at once held together. The weight of the frame and 
boxes, as the former hangs in the hive, serves to keep this side 
to the perpendicular, while the strips of tin for separators 
[between frame and frame] may be most expeditiously fixed by 
four ordinary drawing pins for each, which will do duty an 
indefinite number of times, and so in the long run prove no 
more expensive, although immensely more convenient, than 
common tacks. The separators need not be pierced with holes ; 
but if all be kept, as they ought to be. of one gauge, then the 
drawing pins can be permanently fixed in the uprights of the 
holder above and below the separator, and their broad flat 
heads will give it every security. I said permanently, because 
the removal and replacement of the pins is by no means needful ; 
for when the upright of the frame is brought into position, the 
ends of the tin slip can ina moment be passed in behind the 
pins, and if a small amount of curl be given to it, and its round 
side be placed next the section boxes, it will rather press against 
them than show any tendency to sag away. 
When it is desired to remove the boxes, after lifting the 
holder from the hive, the hinged upright is drawn away, and 
the separators are at once freed, while the first section at the 
top open end presents two of its sides to our unimpeded grasp, 
permitting us without jar or wrench to part it from its fellows, 
which can in turn be handled in the same facile manner. To 
refill the holder with empty boxes and to readjust the separator 
is but the work of a few moments. 
Facility in the removal of sections is of greater moment than 
simply giving comfort and saving time to the operator. Difficulty 
here means frequently some fracture, at first perhaps slight and 
almost imperceptible, in the attachments of the comb, but this 
sets the honey bleeding, while the comb loses its evenness of 
tone, for a reason some may not have observed. The air-tight 
waxen covers which we call sealing do not touch the enclosed 
honey unless the cells get slightly damaged; the covers then 
