5 PREFACE. 



In the introductory part of the book, the principal groups of 

 fodder and pasture plants have been dealt with in a half-scientific 

 way. The plants have been arranged chiefly in accordance with the 

 system followed in the last edition of Gray's Manual of Botany. 



The authors are greatly indebted to Leonard S. Klinck, B.S.A., 

 Professor of Field Husbandry at Macdonald College, Que., who 

 kindly consented to examine and criticise the manuscript, and to 

 C. A. Zavitz, B.S.A., Professor of Field Husbandry at the Ontario 

 Agricultural College at Guelph, who has given the authors much 

 valuable information on fodder and pasture plants that are of interest 

 to the province of Ontario. The helpful suggestions given by these 

 well-known authorities have been most encouraging and are greatly 

 appreciated. 



Recognition for much arduous detail work in correcting the proof 

 is due to Mr. E. D. Eddy, B.S.A. Miss A. L. Brown, who also com- 

 piled the quotations from old writings which are inserted where 

 the space would otherwise be unoccupied, as the text is paged to 

 suit the arrangement of the plates. 



G. H. C. 



M. O. M. 

 M. B. 



Without forage no cattle; without cattle no manure; without manure no crops. — Flemish 

 Proverb. 



Keep the dry provender which you have laid up for winter and think how long a winter it may 

 be. — Cato, 9S-46 B.C. 



A. Furius Chresimus, a freedman, having found himself able, from a very small piece of land, to 

 raise far more abundant harvests than his neighbours could from the largest farms, became the object 

 of very considerable jealousy among them, and was accordingly accused of enticing away the crops 



of others by the practice of sorcery Apprehensive of being condemned, he had all his 



implements of husbandry brought into the Forum, together with his farm servants, robust, well- 

 conditioned, and well clad people, Piso says. The iron tools were of first rate quality, the mattocks 

 were stout and strong, the plough-shares ponderous and substantial, and the oxen sleek and in prime 

 condition. When all this had been done, "Here, Roman citizens", said he, "are my implements of 

 magic; but it is impossible for me to exhibit to your view, or to bring into this Forum, those midnight 

 toils of mine, those early watchings, those sweats, and those fatigues." Upon this, by the unani- 

 mous voice of the people, he was immediately acquitted. — Pliny, Natural History, 23-79. 



