ITALIAN RYE GRASS. 89 



moisture. It does not do well on stiff, heavy clays or on very dry 

 soil. No grass repays fertilizers as well as does Italian Rye and 

 where the soil is kept rich by liquid manure the returns are very 

 large. In the valley of the river Po, in northern Italy, where the rich, 

 loamy land is irrigated, and on the sandy soil in the vicinity of 

 Edinburgh, Scotland, irrigated by the sewage from the city, it yields 

 almost incredible quantities of forage. Although of more southern 

 origin than Perennial Rye, it thrives comparatively far north. It is 

 doubtful, however, whether it is of any general importance for 

 Canada. It may be of value for the Pacific coast. 



Habits of growth: The perennial quality of Italian Rye is not 

 so outstanding as that of Perennial Rye Grass. It is rather short- 

 lived and generally disappears after the second year, especially if it 

 is allowed to produce seed. It starts early in the spring and where 

 liquid manure is given the growth is so rapid that ten tons of grass 

 to the acre have been obtained six weeks after sowing. It loses its 

 flavour and nutritive value more quickly than does Perennial Rye 

 and for this reason it should be cut when the spikes begin to develop. 

 Where conditions are favourable it may be cut three or four times 

 in a season. 



Italian Rye Grass was probably first cultivated in northern Italy. 

 It is recognized as a good fodder plant in most European countries 

 and is grown extensively, especially in England and Scotland. 



Agricultural value: On account of its early start and rapid 

 growth, Italian Rye is a hay grass of outstanding merit, where the 

 climate is favourable, either alone or with other grasses or clovers. 

 It is a line pasture grass for short rotation, relished by all kinds of 

 stock. Sheep, on being turned into a field sown with Italian Rye and 

 Red Clover and cut for hay, prefer the grass to the clover. It makes 

 a valuable feed for dairy cows, and, in spite of its succulence, does 

 not produce purging in the animals. On account of its high yield 

 it is said to be unrivalled among the grasses for soiling, and its rapid 

 growth makes it useful for the suppression of noxious weeds. 



Seed: What has been said about growing Perennial Rye Grass 

 seed applies to Italian Rye, though the latter has a far greater dis- 

 position to shell its seed and for this reason must not be cut too late. 



Quality of seed: The seed of Italian Rye Grass is similar to 

 that of Meadow Fescue and very like that of Perennial Rye. It 



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