HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA IN CATTLE 63 
The duration of the disease is short. Often the animals are found 
dead. 
The prognosis is unfavorable. The mortality is placed at from 80 
to 90 per cent. of the animals affected. 
Morbid anatomy. The characteristic lesions of the disease are 
widely distributed areas of hemorrhage, varying in size from a pin 
point to several centimeters in diameter. They vary in color from 
light red to almost black. They are frequently accompanied with a 
sero-fibrinous exudate, usually yellow, but occasionally dark red in 
color. The hemorrhagic areas in the animals just dead are not so 
dark as those in animals that have been dead for some hours. The 
large areas, some centimeters in diameter, are apparently due, in 
some instances at least, to single hemorrhages, infiltrating an exten- 
sive mass of tissue, and in others to a number of minute hemorrhages 
closely placed and partially coalescing. Gas is not present in the 
subcutaneous connective tissue except in cases where extensive post- 
mortem changes have occurred. 
There is extensive fullness of the vessels of the subcutaneous con- 
nective tissue in the acute cases, especially in those animals which 
are not killed by bleeding. In animals which live until emaciation 
is marked, there is no engorgement of the vessels. 
Reynolds reports one outbreak in which meningitis involving the 
spinal cord, brain or both of these organs was invariably present. 
All cases show some hemorrhagic areas in the subcutaneous tissue, 
though the number and size of these vary greatly in different individ- 
uals. Some animals exhibit very few, while others, on removing the 
skin, present hemorrhagic areas or petechiae in large numbers and so 
extensive that a large fraction, possibly one-eighth, of the body sur- 
face appears to be involved. The large hemorrhages in the sub- 
cutaneous connective tissue appear to be of the composite type noted 
above. 
The location of the superficial lesions varies in different animals. 
In most cases the parts about the shoulder are most affected. A few 
animals show marked lesions in the gluteal and inguinal regions. 
At first sight the muscle tissue in some cases seems to be much 
involved. A closer examination, however, usually shows that while 
some of the minute hemorrhages are in the muscle proper, the larger 
ones are in the intermuscular connective tissue. They are usually 
accompanied by a considerable quantity of yellowish or blood-stained 
