84 SWINE ERYSIPELAS 
REFERENCES 
1. Curticr. Fowl typhoid. Bulletin 87. Agr. Exp. Station of the R. I. College 
of Agric. and Mech. Arts, 1902. 
2. Moorr. A study of a bacillus obtained from three outbreaks of fowl cholera. 
Bulletin No. 8, U. 8. Bureau of Animal Industry, 1895. 
3. Moore. Infectious leukemiain fowls—A bacterial disease frequently mistaken 
for fowl cholera. Annual Report of the Bureau of Animal Industry, 1895-96. 
SWINE ERYSIPELAS 
Synonyms. Red fever of swine; rouget du porc; Rotlauf. 
Characterization. This disease, peculiar to swine, is determined 
by a rise of temperature, cerebral disturbances and pronounced 
reddening of areas of the skin. It is a disease of adult life. It is 
stated that pigs are rarely attacked under three months or over three 
years of age. Lydtin and Schottelius found some differences in the 
degree of susceptibility of certain breeds of swine. The common 
country pig was least susceptible. 
History. This disease has been known in Europe for many years. 
It was not distinguished from other infections until studied by 
Pasteur and Thuillier. Smith found a bacterium in rabbits inocu- 
lated with the organs of pigs that had died of an undetermined disease 
in Minnesota, which was either the bacterium of swine erysipelas or 
of mouse septicemia. The latter organism had been recorded on two 
previous occasions from pigs in this country. 
Geographical distribution. Swine erysipelas occurs enzodtically 
and in epizodétics in most of the countries of Europe. It was formerly 
restricted in Bavaria to the districts along the Danube, and was 
entirely unknown in southern Bavaria (Kitt). It is stated that the 
disease tends to become enzodtic chiefly in valleys and low-lving 
plains which have slow-flowing streams and heavy, damp, clay soil; 
and that sandy and granite soils are comparatively free from it. It 
occurs chiefly during the months of July, August and September, 
although it appears sporadically during the winter months. It has 
not been described from the United States. 
Etiology. Loeffler and Schitz pointed out in 1885 that swine 
erysipelas was caused by a very slender bacterium (Bact. rhusio- 
pathiae) 1 to 2u. long and 0.3 to 0.4u. broad, straight or slightly curved, 
ends not rounded and in cultures often appearing in filaments. It is 
