GLANDERS 109 
9. Fircu. Organisms morphologically resembling anthrax bacteria. Report 
N.Y. State Vet. College at Cornell University, 1909-10, p. 200. 
10. Kocn. Die Aetiologie der Milzbrand-Krankheit begriindet auf die Entwicke- 
peperndite des Bacillus Anthracis. Cohn’s Beitr. zur Biol. der Pflanzen, Bd. II 
76), S. 277. 
11. Kopama. Ursache der nattrlichen Immunitat gegen Milzbrandbacillen. 
Centralbl. f. Bakt. u. Parasitenk., Bd. LX VIII (1913), S. 373. 
12. M’Fapyean. Anthrax. Jour. Compar. Path. and Therap., Vol. XI (1898), 
p. 51. 
13. M’Fapyean. A peculiar staining reaction of the blood of animals dead of 
anthrax. Jour. of Compar. Path. and Therap., Vol. XVI (1903), p. 35. 
14. M’Fapyrean. Extraneous sources of infection in outbreaks of anthrax. Jour. 
Compar. Path. and Therap., Vol. XVI, p. 346. 
15. Moore. Report of an outbreak of anthrax. Annual Report, Commissioner 
of Agriculture of the State of New York. 1897, p. 550. 
16. Pasteur, CHAMBERLAND ET Roux. De l’attenuation des virus et de leur 
retour & la virulence. Comp. Rend. d. Acad. des Sc., Vol. XCII (1881), p. 427. 
17. Pasteur. La vaccin du charbon. Ibid. p. 666. 
18. Pickens. The determination of anthrax by means of the thermo-precipita- 
tion reaction. Report New York State Veterinary College at Cornell University, 1914, 
p. 220. 
19. Poxscuiscuewsky. Uber die Biologie der Pseudomilzbrandbacillen Beitrage 
zur Differentialdiagnose der Milzbrand und Pseudomilzbrand bazillen. Arbeitena.d. 
Kaiserlichen Gesundheitsamte, Bd. XLVII, S$ 541. 
20. Scnutz anp Premner. Der Nachweis des Milzbrandes mittels der Prazipi- 
tationsmethode. Archiv. f. wissen. u. prakt. Tierheilkunde, Bd. XXXVIII (1912). 
21. Russevt. Outbreak of anthrax fever traceable to tannery refuse. The 17th 
Annual report of the Wis. Agric. Exp. Station, 1889. 
22. Sopernuermm. Ueber das Milzbrandserum und seine praktische Anwendung. 
Deut. med. Wochenschr., 1904. No. 26 u. 27. (First publication. Zeit. feir Hygiene, 
1899, Bd. XXXI). 
GLANDERS 
Synonyms. Malleus; farcy; morve: Rotzkrankheit. 
Characterization. Glanders is one of the most important diseases 
of horses, asses and mules. It is communicable to man. It runs an 
acute or chronic course, attacking the lymphatic system more espec- 
ially in the upper air passages, lungs or skin. The disease is charac- 
terized by a strong tendency to the formation of small neoplasms or 
nodules which are likely to degenerate into ulcers from which exudes 
a peculiar sticky discharge. In the very acute cases a considerable 
rise of temperature and general debility may accompany the forma- 
tion of the lesions. Glanders of the skin is known as farcy. 
By direct inoculation several species of animals may be infected. 
Thus the disease has been reported in goats, rabbits, sheep, guinea 
pigs, field mice, and several of the wild animals, especially those of the 
cat tribe. Swine and pigeons are very slightly susceptible. Cattle, 
white mice, rats and domestic fowls seem to be immune. 
