122 GLANDERS 
lymph glands becomes infiltrated with small cells and subsequently 
thickened. In rare cases secondary chronic farcy occurs. It is 
marked by a large, diffuse new growth of connective tissue with 
nodular thickening of the skin. This condition is termed glander- 
ous elephantiasis or pachyderma. It chiefly affects the limbs and 
head. 
Of the abdominal organs, the spleen is most frequently attacked. 
It then contains embolic nodules, which vary in size and either 
suppurate or become calcareous. Similar nodules occur, though not 
so often, in the liver, kidneys, testicles, brain, muscles, heart and 
bones. In the bones, the lesions consist of a cellular infiltration of the 
medulla and purulent breaking down of the osseous tissue. Ulcers are 
Fic. 20. GLANDERS NODULES IN Fic. 21. GLANDERS NODULE IN SPLEEN 
LYMPH GLAND DISCHARGING INTO OF HORSE. NATURAL SIZE. 
BRONCHUS. (a) BRONCHI, (b) LYMPH 
GLAND, (¢) OPENING INTO BRONCHUS. 
very rare on the mucous membranes of the eyes, stomach and vagina. 
The blood shows signs of slight leucocytosis. The specific bacteria 
are found in the blood only in cases of acute general infection. 
The anatomical changes in acute glanders consist chiefly in a dis- 
integration of the respiratory mucous membrane, in a serous infiltra- 
tion of the submucosa, subcutis, and intermuscular tissue, with in- 
flammation and suppuration of the lymph vessels and glands. There 
are also metastatic formations in the skin and lungs. The nasal 
mucous membranes are covered with rapidly spreading ulcers with 
considerable infiltration into the submucosa. The mucous membrane 
of the larynx and pharynx may be swollen and covered with ulcers. 
The lungs are studded with purulent metastatic foci or fresh nodules. 
The skin is excessively swollen and covered with glanderous nodes. 
Sometimes diffuse gangrene of the skin occurs. 
