128 GLANDERS 
purative secretion should be taken into consideration. The results 
are interpreted as follows: (1) The reaction is positive if a suppura- 
tive secretion is observed in varying quantities. If the secretion is 
present in only a small quantity, it is principally visible at the inner 
canthus of the eye. (2) The reaction is negative in the absence of any 
secretion. (3) The reaction is doubtful when there is present a slimy 
secretion or lacrimation after 24 hours. 
The diagnosis should be made 
not earlier than 12 hours and 
not later than 24 hours after the 
application of the test. The 
examination should be made in 
a good light. A positive result 
indicates with certainty the 
presence of glanders; negative 
results, however, should not 
eliminate the possibility of the 
presence of the disease, and only 
a repeated negative test after 
three weeks excludes suspicion 
of the disease. 
Generally the positive oph- 
thalmo reactions are not ac- 
companied by fever or systemic 
disturbances. Occasionally, 
however, affected horses are 
hypersensitive, so that often a 
trace of mallein which enters 
the circulation produces fever. 
Accordingly, it is advisable to 
accompany the ophthalmo reac- 
tion with temperature measure- 
ments. For this purpose the temperature should be taken at least 
twice, the first time when the mallein is applied and the second time 
when it is judged. In a doubtful eye reaction where there is a rising 
temperature of over 101.5° F., the test should be considered positive if 
the animal had a normal temperature at the time the mallein was 
applied. 
The ophthalmic test is used officially in Austria. They employ the 
Pasteur “Mallin brute,” 0.75 cc. being used on 10 horses. In this 
Fic. 24. Ey, roLLOWING OPHTHALMIC USE 
OF MALLEIN. 
