182 GLANDERS 
The agglutination in higher dilutions with the living organisms as 
determined microscopically was pointed out by Taylor. A compari- 
son of the agglutination of the living and killed bacteria with the 
serum from glandered horses, as shown by the mallein reaction, is 
given in the appended table: a 
MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC AGGLUTINATION OF BACTERIUM MALLEI WITH HORSE 
SERUM BY THE USE OF KILLED AND LIVING CULTURES. 
Macroscopic. Microscopic. Microscopic. 
Number of Horse | Dead bacteria, 24 hours | Dead bacteria, 12 hours | Live bacteria, 12 hours 
at 37°C. Bt a7? C. at 37°C, 
a 1-8000 1-12000 1-30000 
g 1-2000 1-3000 1-12000 
3 1-800 1-1000 1-10000 
A 1-1600 1-1800 1-6000 
5 1-500 1-600 1-5000 
6 1-1000 1-1250 1-25000 
7 1-800 1-1000 1-8000 
8 1-800 1-1200 1-12000 
9 1-1600 1-1800 1-24000 
10 1-500 1-800 1-7500 
The method as pointed out by Schiitz and Miessner is a macro- 
scopic one. It depends upon the precipitation of the agglutinated 
masses of bacteria. Normal horse’s serum agglutinates glanders 
organisms in high dilutions as determined microscopically. This, 
however, does not appear to be of diagnostic value. 
Complement fixation. This is strictly a laboratory method and 
cannot be applied in the field. It requires the collecting of the blood 
from the suspected animals and sending it to the laboratory as 
quickly as possible. The method is fully described by Mohler and 
Eichhorn in Bulletin 136 of the Bureau of Animal Industry. Schiitz 
and Schubert, after applying this method and comparing it with 
others, recommend it as the most accurate means for diagnosing 
glanders. It is widely used in this country usually in conjunction 
with one or more of the other tests, especially the ophthalmic use of 
mallein. 
The test requires five different substances: (1) washed red blood corpuscles of a 
sheep, (2) hemolytic amboceptor, (3) complement, (4) antigen (bacterial extract), (5) 
serum from the blood of the suspected animal to be tested. 
Red blood cells. The washed red blood corpuscles of a sheep are obtained by bleeding 
a vigorous sheep from the jugular vein under antiseptic precautions. The blood is 
preferably collected in a sterile flask containing a few glass beads. The blood is shaken, 
defibrinated and filtered through sterile gauze into a glass tube. The tube is then filled 
