TUBERCULOSIS IN SWINE 177 
affected. Infection through the respiratory tract seems to be rare. 
The piggeries where the separated milk from creameries and whey 
from cheese factories are fed and those which join abattoirs supply the 
majority of swine found on post-mortem to be tuberculous. 
Ostertag has called special attention to this disease among swine 
in certain parts of northern Denmark and Germany, where there was 
much tuberculosis in cattle, and where the swine were fed the slime 
from creamery separators. In the cases which have come to our 
notice there is very strong evidence that the swine were infected by 
being fed the milk from tuberculous cows. There are statements that 
swine tuberculosis is due, in certain cases at least, to the avian variety 
of the organism. Christiansen found that pigs were highly suscepti- 
ble to this variety of tubercle bacteria. 
Symptoms. In most cases tuberculosis of the pig is first recognized 
at the abattoir. Sometimes, however, it causes local and general 
troubles, which vary according to the organ or system attacked. 
The following symptoms have been noted. 
Its localization in the abdominal organs causes the arrest of fatten- 
ing and the progressive wasting of the subject. The mucous mem- 
branes become pale, the hide becomes dirty and there is usually either 
constipation or diarrhea. The animal is depressed, the corkscrew of 
its tail is straightened, the abdomen is pendulous and the eyes are 
sunken. Palpation of the abdomen is painful and may reveal more 
or less voluminous masses, due to the changes in the mesenteric 
glands. It is common to find the nodular tumors in the submaxillary 
region or at the thoracic inlet. In this form, the malady may last 
several months, but death supervenes rapidly if the lesions become 
generalized by the scattering of the bacteria through the blood stream. 
Primary pulmonary tuberculosis is very rare but sooner or later lung 
lesions complicate abdominal tuberculosis. They betray themselves 
at the outset by a short, dry, abortive cough and by difficult respira- 
tion. The cough soon becomes paroxysmal and painful and is often 
followed by vomiting; the respiration becomes hurried and gradually 
painful and more difficult, wasting is very rapid, and death supervenes 
in a few weeks. 
The scrofula of swine (glandular tuberculosis) usually shows itself 
by a puffing up of the face, which a careful examination reveals to be 
caused by the subjacent glands, these being enlarged, indurated, still 
fairly mobile and free from heat or tenderness. The retropharyngeal, 
superior cervical and sublingual glands are usually affected, forming a 
