TUBERCULOSIS IN SWINE 179 
tic glands (submaxillary, parotid, pharyngeal, superior cervical, mes- 
enteric, sublumbar, etc.) may be decidedly diseased, while the other 
organs remain practically intact. Lesions of the small intestine 
and of the cecum-are common and take the form of ulcers of the 
mucous membrane, of miliary nodules or of tuberculous infiltrations, 
involving at once the mucous, the muscular, and subserous tissues. 
The lesions in the liver take the form either of miliary granulations, 
which are yellow and caseous and scattered in great numbers 
through the thickness of the organ, or else of rounded nodules 
which are yellowish white in color, varying in size from that of a 
pea to a hazel nut and of a tough consistency. On section they ap- 
pear sometimes to be firm, homogeneous and fibrous; sometimes 
softened in the center, and often infiltrated with calcareous salts. 
The peritoneum and the pleura are sometimes the seat of an 
eruption of fine granulations which remain in a state of miliary nod- 
ules. Lesions like those in the liver may exist in the lungs, but 
generally there is found in these organs an innumerable number of 
minute, translucent, gray granulations, caused by the dissemination 
of tubercle bacteria through the blood stream, in which case the 
liver, the spleen, the kidneys, the medulla of the bones, and the 
mammez may be infiltrated with similar growths. 
Mohler has reported the results of the examination of 120,000 
infected hogs of which 93.3 per cent. had tuberculous glands. 
It is common to find lesions localized in one or several lymphatic 
glands. The pharyngeal and submaxillary glands are most often 
affected. They become enlarged, hard and knotty due to develop- 
ment of fibrous tissue. In section they have the appearance of old 
fibrous tissue; here and there small yellow foci are seen of a softer 
consistency, sometimes purulent collections are found, either encysted 
or in communication with the exterior. If one submits the caseous 
or purulent matter to a bacteriological examination, tubercle bacteria 
are not usually found. The bacterium, however, is present and if 
this substance is inoculated into guinea pigs it will produce tubercu- 
losis. 
These chronic glandular lesions, with their very slow progress, 
have long been looked upon as constituting the scrofula of swine, and 
to scrofula were also assigned the tuberculous lesions of bones (ribs, 
vertebree, articulations, shoulder blades, hip bones) which are common 
in pigs, both young and old. 
