229 SALMONELLOSIS 
a filterable virus as the cause of that disease removes the greater part 
of the original significance attached to B. suipestifer as a pathogenic 
organism. However, inoculation experiments with this organism by 
Salmon and Smith, as well as the findings of Uhlenhuth and others 
relative to its distribution and pathogenesis, indicate that it is a factor 
of greater or less importance in the production of disease among 
swine. The symptoms and lesions of the disease produced by natural 
infection with this organism have not been determined with certainty. 
The description of the cases that were supposed to have been caused 
by it in the earlier work on hog cholera shows that they may 
have been due to the filterable virus or a mixed infection with it. 
Salmon and Smith found that subcutaneous inoculation with 
B. suipestifer from cultures is successful in only a small percentage 
of inoculated swine except when the germs are unusually virulent. 
In the report of the Bureau of Animal Industry for 1885 several] cases 
of successful inoculations are recorded. Two of these are quoted: 
“Two pigs (Nos. 112, 114) were inoculated subcutaneously into the thigh with three 
cubic centimeters each of a pure liquid culture. No. 114 died nine days after inocula- 
tion The superficial inguinal glands were swollen, with hemorrhagic points in medulla. 
Spleen enlarged, dark. Extravasations on auricular appendages of heart. Lungs 
oedematous; bronchial glands enlarged, dark red throughout (hemorrhagic). Glands 
cf abdomen in general hemorrhagic, except those of mesentery; petechiae under 
serosa of caecum. Kidneys with glomeruli appearing as blood-red points, the entire 
organ congested. Mucosa of fundus of stomach, lowest portion of ileum, and of 
the caecum and colon deeply reddened with slight extravasation. Cover-glass prep- 
arations as well as cultivations in gelatine and beef infusion revealed hog cholera 
bacilli, and these only. 
“No. 112 died on the 15th day. Diarrhea appeared two days before death. The 
lesions of this animal resembled those of No. 114, with the following differences; 
Spleen very large, dark, friable. Kidneys less congested. Lungs with minute hemorr- 
hages throughout the parenchyma. Ecchymoses beneath the endocardium of left 
ventricle. Lymphatics and digestive tract even more congested and hemorrhagic 
than in No. 114.” 
This organism possesses very definite pathogenic power for the 
rabbit and to a slightly less degree for the guinea pig. There is a 
large literature on its pathogenesis. 
INFECTIONS WITH THE COLON AND GAERTNER BAcILLI 
Grouse disease. In 1887 Klein described a disease of grouse 
characterized by congestion of the lungs, liver and kidneys with small 
necrotic areas in the liver and areas of redness in the intestines. The 
disease was found to be due to a bacillus which has been found to 
