SPIROCHAETOSIS IN MAMMALS 311 
to the fowl did not transmit the disease. In 1906, Stordy observed 
the spirochete in the Abyssinian pony. The animal was dull, hanging 
head, large swellings over the orbits and acute edema of the neck. 
The temperature was 97° F. The next day the edema had disappeared 
about the head, the temperature had fallen to 95° F, while on the third 
day rapid emaciation had begun, edema between the legs and under 
the abdomen became persistent, and the temperature rose to 99° F. 
On the fourth day spirochetes were found in the blood and edematous 
fluid. The tick Rhipicephallus pulchellus was found on the animal as 
it was common to cattle, horses, dogs and game in the district. There 
was suspicion of its being a carrier. He does not give evidence to 
prove that this was the case. 
In 1905, Jowett found a spirochete varying from 7 to 204 or more in 
length by 0.25. in breadth in cases of cancre and grease of the horse. 
In this connection it should be 
stated that spirochetes have 
been found in ulcerous processes 
in man, in the venereal granu- 
lomata of the bitch, the carcino- 
mata of the mouse and in granular 
and ulcerating suppurating 
wounds in other animals. But 
the relation of these organisms 
to the lesions with which they 
are associated has not been de- 
termined. Jowett, however, 
found the spirochetes in practi- 
Fr, srmccnsim mi TBE cally every enge that he er- 
amined. 
Spirochetosis in swine. In 1906, Dodd described a spirochete 
which he found in a pig sent to the Government laboratory in Pretoria. 
The examination showed very few morbid changes in the tissues but 
the skin was sprinkled with dark hemorrhagic-like spots. From 
scrapings of these lesions he was able to find the organism. It was 
not discovered in its blood. The spirochetes disappear from the 
lesions very soon after death. 
The spirocheta is described as long and very slender, its length vary- 
ing from 9 to 26¥. Both extremities pointed. The spiral forms 
predominate but in the same preparation curved or simply long 
straight threads were observed. They appeared singly, in pairs and 
