INFECTIOUS ENTERO-HEPATITIS 323 
provided with a small number of nuclei, some of which are closely 
applied to and curved partly around the parasite. The blood vessels 
are usually much dilated and filled with red corpuscles. 
The yellow masses observed with the naked eye in the surface spots 
are shown to be patches of an amorphous substance which take nuclear 
stains very feebly, the aniline colors not at all. This may be described 
as a coarse network in the meshes of which small cells, and very rarely 
parasites, are seen. This substance is assumed to be the result of 
coagulation necrosis of the liver cells by which they have lost their 
nuclei and have become fused into a formless mass. It is probable 
that the plugging of blood vessels in the liver by parasites carried 
from the cecum is the cause of the necrosis, since such plugs or 
thrombi are not uncommon in sections of the diseased areas. 
With the appearance of the microparasites regenerative changes 
begin at once which complicate the process. We have at the outset 
an active multiplication of the microparasites which take the place 
of the original liver tissue and a process of coagulation necrosis going 
on atthe same time. Soon multinucleated (giant) cells appear. Not 
infrequently they are grouped around what appears to be a plugged 
vessel or else they occupy the lumen of the vessel itself. 
In still older cases the diseased areas are found more or less filled 
with small round cells which may have passed into the dead regions 
from the blood vessels. In all cases the latter are more or less en- 
larged and they seem to encroach upon the liver tissue, thus filling in 
part the void produced by the cell death and giving the surface of the 
liver a brownish, mottled appearance wherever the disease spots are. 
The processes of advancing disease and necrosis or death of tissue on 
the one hand and of repair on the other seem to go on side by side, now 
one, now the other, predominating. 
The results of the investigations thus far made indicate that the 
disease may follow several courses. 
After a certain period of disease, regenerative processes begin 
which tend toward a permanent recovery. 
The disease may proceed so rapidly from the very start that the 
affected turkeys die early in life. 
The disease may come to a standstill but the amount of dead tissue 
in the ceca and liver may be so great as to favor the entrance of bac- 
teria which are directly responsible for the death of the bird Jate in the 
summer or fall. 
The description of the lesions of a turkey dead of this disease is 
appended. It is quoted from Smith’s report. 
