TEXAS FEVER 335 
ture is taken and the blood carefully examined, mild types of Texas 
fever would be either overlooked or mistaken for any one of a variety 
of disorders common among cattle. 
Morbid anatomy. Cattle which die of Texas fever undergo post- 
mortem changes very rapidly. For this reason the description of 
lesions made some hours after death may be misleading. 
Externally the animal presents nothing abnormal or characteristic 
of the disease. Rarely dried bits of blood may be found and also 
some small slightly elevated areas of a bluish color. The skin 
between the thighs, upon and about the udder and possibly elsewhere 
may have cattle ticks attached. It is important under ordinary 
circumstances to look for this parasite. The subcutaneous tissue may 
be more or less yellow in color. Edema of the subcutis over the ven- 
tral portion of the body has been observed. The muscles are usually 
normal in appearance although frequently they are pale. 
Very slight if any lesions have been recorded in the central nervous 
system and lungs. Blood extravasations usually occur beneath the 
skin and endocardium, especially of the left ventricle. On the exter- 
nal surface the petechiz occur for the greater part along the intraven- 
tricular groove near the base. The capillaries of the heart muscle are 
packed with corpuscles. Parenchymatous and fatty degeneration of 
thé muscular fibers sometimes exist. The right ventricle is dis- 
tended with blood either fluid or clotted and the left one firmly 
contracted. 
In the abdominal cavity there are frequent edematous areas about 
the kidneys and in the portal regions between the duodenum and liver. 
The omentum is often sprinkled with peculiar hyperemic patches con- 
the Piroplasmata. It is transmitted by the tick Boophilus decoloratus. Theiler further 
states that Anaplasmosis is the cause of the South African Gall Sickness. 
“Two forms of anaplasmoses are recognized—a mild one which never leads to death, 
although the anemia may be strongly pronounced, and a malignant one, in which 
about 50 per cent. of the cases end in death, with the symptoms of anemia and icterus. 
The mild form is characterized by the presence of A. centrale, the malignant by A. 
marginale. The former is generally situated within the corpuscles, and is smaller than 
the latter, which is mainly placed on the margin. There is a difference of opinion about 
the protozoic nature of these anaplasma, and some authors are inclined to identify 
them with Jolly’s bodies, but from this view we differ, basing our opinion not exclusively 
on the morphological appearance of the bodies, but rather on their biological behavior 
in connection with the disease.” 
According to Balfour, Jolly was the first to describe the small rounded chromatine 
bodies in the red blood corpuscles in the blood of rodents and referred to as Jolly 
bodies. Dodd points out the possibility of confusion between anaplasma and these 
bodies. 
