DOURINE 369 
extremities, but sometimes in the cerebral nerves as well. In the 
affected portion of the cord, leucocytes are numerous and there is 
often hyperplasia. The neuroglia tends to increase, and apart from 
the foci of softening, tends to give a special firmness to the substance. 
The subarachnoid and subdural fluid is increased and there may be at 
the roots of the spinal nerves, especially in the dorsal and lumbar 
regions, a gelatinoid exudate investing the nerve, distending the con- 
nective tissue beneath the neurilemma and even occupying the inter- 
val between the nerve filaments. Sometimes large corpuscular bodies 
are found between the nerve fibers. 
Weber and Nocard state that sections show cachexia and hemorr- 
hagic softening of the spinal marrow. The parasites found in these 
areas and in the serous effusions resemble those of surra and nagana. 
The cerebral meninges are congested and opaque. Foci of soften- 
ing are by no means uncommon and the cerebral ventricles contain an 
abnormal quantity of fluid. Hutyra states that changes in the ner- 
vous system visible to the unaided eye are often absent in fatal cases. 
The bony tissue generally has lost its consistency and the medul- 
lary matter may be unduly reddened. The large joints contain an 
excess of synovia of a somewhat pinkish color. The ligaments of the 
hip joint are often congested, thickened and softened. The articular 
cartilages may even show areas of blood staining. 
The intestines are usually nearly empty, soft, pale and flaccid. 
Ruthe has in one case observed rounded ulcers on the mucosa. 
The internal organs are usually anemic with edematous infiltra- 
tion. There may be a suggestion of septic infections. In acute, 
rapid cases there may be an enlargement of the spleen which is 
usually small, and the lymph glands may be swollen. Frdhner has 
called attention to occasional accumulation of leucocytes in the peri- 
pheral arteries. 
The kidneys are usually large, pale and blackened. The thoracic 
organs may show little change, though hypostatic congestion may be 
present. The blood is light colored and forms a loose, pale clot. 
There is a diminution in the number of red blood cells and a relatively 
large increase in the number of leucocytes. 
In the mare, in addition to the lesions in the internal organs and 
blood, the following may be noted in connection with the generative 
system. Phlegmons or edematous swellings, or ulcers on the lips of 
the vulva and on the vulvar and vaginal mucose. The parts become 
variously distorted. The mammary glands are sometimes inflamed, 
