376 SURRA 
the course of the disease; then the presence of petechize on the 
mucous membranes, chiefly that covering the membrana nictitans, 
lachrymation and the exudation of a semi-gelatinous material into 
the subcutaneous and other connective tissues. There is rapid 
wasting and great weakness, although in the majority of cases the 
appetite remains good throughout, no matter how high the fever. 
There is extreme pallor of the visible mucous membranes, and this is 
followed at a later period by yellowness. From first to last there is 
progressive anemia; the blood at first presents a normal character, 
but after a varying period of time it undergoes marked changes. The 
white corpuscles are increased in number and the red corpuscles 
usually cease to form normal rouleaux, lose their individuality and run 
together forming irregular masses. They are at first dark, but grad- 
ually, as the disease advances, almost entirely lose their coloring 
matter and become pale.” 
It is stated that there are edematous swellings of the extremities, 
the submaxillary region and the genital organs. 
The duration of the paroxysms and intermissions is very irregular. 
Lingard puts it down as from one to six days. He states that in a few 
experimental horses the paroxysms lasted from eighteen to twenty-two 
days. 
The duration of the disease is, according to Gunn, about fifty-two 
days. Others place it at from one to eight weeks. In the Philippine 
Islands the duration in horses is from fourteen days to three months. 
The prognosis is always unfavorable, the mortality in most species 
of animals is very high, although in cattle a large percentage recover. 
Morbid anatomy. As described by those having an opportunity to 
study the disease, there is great emaciation, enlargement of the liver 
and spleen, and petechiz on various internal organs. A yellow or 
amber-colored jelly-like exudation occurs in the connective tissue of 
the throat, chest and abdomen, about the muscles and other tissues, 
and especially around the base of the heart. The lungs often show 
signs of inflammation. The mucous membranes and other tissues 
are frequently tinged yellow by the coloring matter of the bile. 
It has been stated that the hide is often removed with difficulty. 
In the areas corresponding to the edema during life are found yellow- 
ish-tinged, gelatinous infiltrations. The serous membranes, espec- 
ially the peritoneum and pleura, often show flakes of plastic, fibrous 
material. These are especially numerous over the liver. All of the 
organs have a dry, pale appearance. There are numerous sub-serous 
