NEED OF IMPROVEMENT 45 
which is séxteen tines as much, not to mention the additional 
expense for shelter and labor, or the extra capital involved in 
the larger amount of feed consumed by the less economical 
cow. Surely we need no better argument to show the necessity 
for further improvement of cows. 
We are in a transition stage, also, in the matter of meat pro- 
duction, and have need of the most economical consumers of 
our feed. If we neglect this point, our own meat will not only 
cost too much, but we shall be driven out of foreign markets by 
such competitors as Argentina. The first to suffer in such an 
event would be the farmers, and afterward all classes of people 
would suffer together. 
The fact of variability established. All this tends to establish 
the fact that all individuals of the same species are not equally 
valuable, and plenty of evidence of a similar character can be 
adduced to show that no two individuals, even of the same 
species or breed, are exactly alike. 
Of the many hundreds of thousands of people personally 
seen by each of us, we find many similarities but no dupli- 
cates ; moreover, the differences are many and extreme. Some 
individuals have dark hair, others light; with some it is thick, 
with others thin; now it is straight and again it is curly or 
wavy. Some eyes are blue; others are black or brown. One 
man is tall and slender, while even his brother is short and 
stout. Some are broad-shouldered ; others are thin-chested, 
with narrow shoulders. Some have large hands and feet, others 
small, and a few have small hands with large feet. One has a 
mole on his cheek ; another has one on his neck or his nose or 
perhaps none at all. One man has an extra thumb on one hand; 
another has six fingers on each hand. One is bow-legged ; 
another is knock-kneed. Here is a hunchback, there a giant, 
and again we see a dwarf. One is crazy ; another is a criminal. 
Some are handsome and others are ugly. Some are brilliant, 
1 The student may well study this question and show, by written argument, 
how it is that all classes will prosper or suffer together with the farmer. 
