CHIROPTERA 21 



only seven. Skandinavia, on the other hand, has nine and 

 Denmark twelve.^ 



The second fact is the paucity of species in Scotland. 

 Exact details are not in every case available, but only the 

 Pipistrelle and Long-eared are known throughout that country. 

 Daubenton's may fairly be classed with them, as it is attached, 

 often in abundance, to the larger water systems, but for the 

 rest, all that Scottish naturalists can point to are isolated 

 occurrences of the Noctule, Whiskered, and Natterer's, giving 

 a total of three regular and three apparently scarce species. 

 Mr William Taylor's recent record of the Noctule so far north 

 as Elgin probably indicates this bat as a regular member of the 

 Scottish Fauna ; and inasmuch as in Skandinavia Natterer's, 

 although rare, is known to occur up to 59° north latitude, the 

 Whiskered to 68°, while Daubenton's is one of the commonest 

 bats, and all three are known from Ireland, it is difficult to avoid 

 the assumption that the range of all three in Scotland is more 

 extensive than published information would lead us to suppose. 



A third noticeable fact is, that amongst the seventeen species 

 inhabiting the six countries, Normandy, Denmark, Skandinavia, 

 England, Scotland, and Ireland, no less than seven distinct 

 variations in distribution occur. Only four, noctula, 

 pipistrellus, daubentoni, and auritus are regularly met with 

 in all five, but two more, mystacinus ^ and nattereri^ differ only 

 in their apparent absence from Scotland. Two, leisleri and 

 hipposideros, are absent from Denmark, Skandinavia, and 

 Scotland : one, barbastellus, only from Scotland and Ireland. 

 Two are confined to Normandy and a restricted portion of 

 England : of these, ferrum-equinum is southern and south- 

 western, while serotinus is distinctly south-eastern. Lastly, 

 two, murinus and nilssoni, are found only in Skandinavia and 

 Denmark, while two more, myosotis and emarginatus, are 

 known only in Normandy. Dasycneine occurs in Normandy 

 and Denmark, but is doubtfully a native of Skandinavia. 

 The partial and individually varying British ranges of the 

 majority of the species is in strong contrast to their wide range 



' I exclude from the Skandinavian fauna, for the purposes of this article, Pipi- 

 strellus nathusii and Myotis dasycmme; the status of either is doubtful. 

 2 With two Scotch records. ' With one Scotch record. 



