213 VESPERTILIONID^— BARBASTELLA 



and posterior cusps at its base. The anterior upper premolar 

 is minute, and, lying in the inner angle between the canine 

 and posterior premolar, is invisible externally. The anterior 

 lower premolar is about half as high and broad as the posterior. 



THE BARBASTELLE. 

 BARBASTELLA BARBASTELLUS (Schreber). 



1760. La BARBASTELLE, L. J. M. Daubenton in E. L. le Clerc, Comte de Buffon's 



Histoire Naiurelle, viii., 119 and 130-131, 135-137, pi. xix., fig. 2; described from 



France. 

 1774. Vespertilio BARBASTELLUS, J. C. D. von Schreber, Die Sdugthiere, i., pi. Iv., 



168, evidently naming Daubenton's La Barbastelle j James Sowerby, British 



Miscellany, pl. v., 9, 1804-6 ; George Montagu, Trans. Linnean Soc, London, ix., 



171, 180S ; Bingley ; Pennant; Jenyns ; Clermont. 

 1785. Vespertilio barbastella, P. Boddaert, Elenchus Animalium, i., 69. 

 1821. Barbastella barbastellus, J. E. Gray, London Medical Repository, xv., 300 ; 



Miller ; Thomas ; Collett ; Johnston ; Millais ; Trouessart (1910). 

 1829. Barbastellus barbastellus, Jakob Kaup, System der Europdischen Thier- 



welt, i., 96. 



1836. Plecotus barbastellus, Georges Cuvier, Le Rcgne Animal, i., 74 ; Fleming. 



1837. Barbastellus daubentonii, Thomas Bell, British Quadrupeds (ed. i), 63 ; 

 (ed. 2), 81, 1874, renaming Daubenton's La Barbastelle j MacGillivray. 



1838. Barbastellus communis, J. E. Gray, Mag. Zool. and Bot., ii., 495 ; evidently 

 renaming V. barbastellus of Schreber. 



1839. Synotus barbastellus, a. Graf von Keyserling and J. H. Blasius, Wieg- 

 mann's Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, i., 305 ; Blasius ; Fatio ; Dobson ; Flower and 

 Lydekker ; Lydekker ; Cabrera. 



1900. Barbastella barbastella, Mehely Lajos, Monographia Chiropterorum 

 Hungariae, 131 and 326, pl. v. 



Barbastelle from the French barbastelle and Italian barbastella, from 

 the Latin barba, i.e., a beard. There do not appear to be any local 

 names for this little-known bat, either in England, France, or Germany. 



Distribution: — Barbastelle-like bats range throughout a great part 

 of the boreal and transitional regions of Europe and Asia from 

 southern Skandinavia and middle Russia to middle Spain, and south 

 Italy (Monticelli), the Crimea, and probably North Africa (Dobson); 

 and from England to Tiflis (Satunin). It is not known if B. barba- 

 stellus is preferably a mountain bat ; as is B. darjelingensis, to which it 

 gives way somewhere in the East, perhaps in central and eastern Asia, 

 or, according to Satunin, in Transcaspia. Fatio, however, supposed so, 

 having found it at 5000 feet in the valley of Urseren, at the foot of Saint 

 Gothard, Switzerland. Robert took one at 3200 feet at Caterillo, Haute 

 Garonne. 



