226 



RHINOLOPHID^— RHINOLOPHUS 



Ungams, etc., VI., i. and ii., 55, 6r, pi. ii., fig. 42 ; based on Rhinolophus antiquus 

 of Filhol and other extinct species. 

 1901. EuRYALE, Paul Matschie, Sitzungs-Berichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender 

 Freunde zu Berlin, 225 ; based on E. mdhelyi of Matschie. 



The genus is the only one of its family. There are two 

 British species, R. ferrum-equinum and R. hipposideros. Out- 

 side Britain R. euryale of Blasius, occurring throughout the 

 Mediterranean Region to central France, has the lip with three 

 grooves, the sella with its sides parallel anteriorly and the 

 posterior connecting process projecting and triangular ; it has 

 many sub-forms, such as R. mdhelyi of Matschie and the 

 Spanish R. carpetanus of Cabrera. Peters's R. blasii of south- 

 eastern Europe has peculiar nose-leaf and lower incisors. 



Distribution :— The seventy-one species and numerous sub- 

 species recognised by Andersen {Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 

 Dec. 1Q05, 648-662; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London), 17th October 

 1905, 75-145), range from Ireland through southern Europe 

 and Asia to Ceylon and Malaysia, the Celebes, Philippines, 

 Formosa, Japan, the Liu-kius, and Australia. They nowhere 

 attain to high altitudes, and are probably not found farther 



north than the shores of the 

 Baltic {R. hipposideros) or 

 southern Korea {R. ferrum- 

 equinum nippon and R. cor- 

 nutus). Andersen refers exist- 

 ing species to six " types," all 

 of which he believes to have 

 had their origin in the Oriental 

 Region. 



The genus is characterised 

 by moderate or small size, 

 highly developed nose - leaf 

 with triangular posterior por- 

 tion, and deeply notched ear 

 with well - developed anti- 

 tragus. 



The nose-leaf consists of 

 three distinct sections, of which the anterior, shaped like a 

 horseshoe, rests flatly on the muzzle, and encloses the nostrils 





Fig. 23, 



Diagram of Nose-leaf of 

 Rhinolophus. 



a, sella. d, division between the 



(5, lancet. nostrils, 



f, c, eyes. e, e, horseshoe. 



